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. 2023 Apr 2;15(1):2197779. doi: 10.1080/20002297.2023.2197779

Figure 2.

Figure 2.

The association among subgingival species (adapted from Socransky et al. [13,27]). Presence of 40 subgingival species and the association among them in subgingival dental biofilm samples (n = 13,321) were analysed using checkerboard DNA-DNA hybridization and cluster analysis and community ordination techniques, respectively. The base of the pyramid represents the early colonizers, followed by the orange complex, which bridges the early colonizers with the red complex that dominates the biofilm at the advanced stages of periodontitis.