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Alpha-diversity of gut microbiota in patients with mild and severe HFMD. For patients with severe HFMD, samples collected at the acute and convalescent phases are included. (a–e) Observed species, Chao 1, Abundance-based Coverage Estimator (ACE), Shannon index, and Simpson index, respectively. Statistically significant differences between the two groups are marked, and * indicates p < 0.05.
