Table 2.
Comparative analysis between groups of Polish and Chinese young people in terms of the variables included in the study model
| Variables | Female | Male | ||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Polish (n = 186) | Chinese (n = 98) | Differences | Polish (n = 73) | Chinese (n = 110) | Differences | |||||||
| M | SD | M | SD | U | p | M | SD | M | SD | U | p | |
| Health | 4.60 | 0.70 | 4.53 | 0.78 | 9351.00 | 0.658 | 4.08 | 1.00 | 4.40 | 0.92 | 3173.00 | 0.008 |
| Physical Fitness | 4.60 | 0.67 | 4.52 | 0.75 | 9505.50 | 0.471 | 4.45 | 0.90 | 4.34 | 1.03 | 4145.00 | 0.663 |
| Company of Others | 3.87 | 1.14 | 3.42 | 1.29 | 10909.00 | 0.005 | 3.73 | 1.26 | 3.99 | 1.09 | 3585.50 | 0.199 |
| Fit, Shapely Body | 4.58 | 0.71 | 4.39 | 0.90 | 10098.00 | 0.074 | 4.04 | 1.06 | 4.42 | 0.88 | 3169.00 | 0.008 |
| Well-Being | 4.77 | 0.48 | 4.59 | 0.80 | 9802.50 | 0.151 | 4.53 | 0.78 | 4.54 | 0.80 | 3995.00 | 0.944 |
| Fashion | 3.41 | 1.32 | 3.16 | 1.24 | 10239.50 | 0.079 | 2.41 | 1.45 | 3.47 | 1.26 | 2347.50 | < 0.001 |
| Boosting Confidence | 3.62 | 1.29 | 3.83 | 1.08 | 8477.50 | 0.316 | 2.81 | 1.30 | 4.07 | 1.00 | 1875.00 | < 0.001 |
| Pleasure from Physical Activity | 4.55 | 0.67 | 4.37 | 0.89 | 9910.50 | 0.158 | 4.52 | 0.69 | 4.39 | 0.80 | 4289.00 | 0.373 |
| Escape from Everyday Life | 3.67 | 1.05 | 3.54 | 1.16 | 9578.50 | 0.464 | 3.97 | 1.08 | 3.54 | 1.16 | 4909.00 | 0.008 |
| Managing Stress | 4.04 | 0.88 | 4.26 | 0.90 | 7741.00 | 0.026 | 3.99 | 1.25 | 4.11 | 1.04 | 3938.50 | 0.815 |
| Fulfilling the Need for Activity | 4.28 | 0.79 | 4.12 | 1.01 | 9637.00 | 0.390 | 4.12 | 1.07 | 4.19 | 0.92 | 3965.00 | 0.878 |
| Promoting Physical Activity | 3.74 | 1.15 | 3.74 | 1.09 | 9169.00 | 0.931 | 3.07 | 1.43 | 3.67 | 1.10 | 3013.50 | 0.003 |
| Motivational Value | 33.06 | 5.19 | 29.73 | 4.85 | 12574.00 | < 0.001 | 32.33 | 5.32 | 31.38 | 4.80 | 4388.50 | 0.286 |
| Time-Management | 16.98 | 4.46 | 16.53 | 3.64 | 9997.00 | 0.178 | 14.70 | 4.39 | 17.78 | 3.41 | 2258.50 | < 0.001 |
| Persistence in Action | 7.78 | 2.67 | 9.76 | 2.73 | 5468.50 | < 0.001 | 7.62 | 2.64 | 10.32 | 2.66 | 1926.00 | < 0.001 |
| Motivational Conflict | 7.10 | 1.84 | 7.87 | 1.63 | 7044.50 | 0.001 | 7.26 | 1.95 | 8.01 | 1.71 | 3140.50 | 0.011 |
| Internalization-General | 24.98 | 8.15 | 26.83 | 6.83 | 8169.50 | 0.151 | 19.07 | 7.16 | 27.51 | 4.96 | 1272.50 | < 0.001 |
| Information | 24.09 | 7.88 | 27.73 | 5.32 | 6846.00 | < 0.001 | 16.68 | 6.37 | 27.28 | 4.01 | 663.00 | < 0.001 |
| Pressures | 20.01 | 7.94 | 19.65 | 5.17 | 9873.50 | 0.248 | 12.04 | 5.84 | 19.25 | 4.23 | 1324.00 | < 0.001 |
| Internalization-Athlete | 17.93 | 5.07 | 15.43 | 3.21 | 12182.00 | < 0.001 | 15.81 | 4.62 | 15.75 | 2.59 | 4276.50 | 0.453 |
Note: The significance threshold was set at 0.05; N, number of people; M, mean; SD, standard deviation; U, Mann-Whitney U; p, significance level