. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Apr 1.

Published in final edited form as: Magn Reson Imaging. 2022 Dec 25;97:56–67. doi: 10.1016/j.mri.2022.12.017

Table 2.

		Overall Image Quality	Liver Edge Sharpness	Hepatic Vessel Conspicuity
Axial Plane	Stack-of-Stars	2.95±0.20	3.02±0.28	3.10±0.33
Axial Plane	VD-Stack-of-Stars	4.03±0.18 ^a	4.03±0.18 ^a	4.05±0.15 ^a
Coronal Plane	Stack-of-Stars	2.00±0.13	2.00±0.13	2.02±0.09
Coronal Plane	VD-Stack-of-Stars	2.98±0.09 ^a	3.00±0.01 ^a	3.02±0.09 ^a
Sagittal Plane	Stack-of-Stars	2.00±0.01	2.00±0.01	2.00±0.01
Sagittal Plane	VD-Stack-of-Stars	2.98±0.09 ^a	2.98±0.09 ^a	3.00±0.01 ^a

Visual image quality comparison between free-breathing liver DCE-MRI with stack-of-stars sampling and VD-stack-of-stars sampling in different image planes. VD-stack-of-stars sampling achieved improvement, and statistical significance was reached in all the assessment categories.

The scoring criteria for all the assessment categories were as follows: 5=excellent; 4=good; 3=adequate; 2=borderline; 1=non-diagnostic.

^a:

The difference between stack-of-stars and VD-stack-of-stars was statistically significant, P<0.001.