TABLE 4.

Risk of different inhaler triple therapy and treatment persistence for future exacerbation and mortality during 1-year follow-up using Cox regression after PSM.

	Moderate-to-severe exacerbation		Severe exacerbation		Frequent exacerbation		Mortality
	HR (95CI%)	p-value	HR (95CI%)	p-value	HR (95CI%)	p-value	HR (95CI%)	p-value
SITT (n = 494) versus MITT (n = 494)	0.729 (0.593-0.898)	0.003	0.675 (0.515-0.875)	0.003	0.774 (0.548-1.093)	0.146	0.475 (0.237-0.952)	0.036
Persistence (yes versus no)	0.401 (0.325-0.495)	< 0.001	0.404 (0.309-0.528)	< 0.001	0.433 (0.305-0.615)	< 0.001	0.405 (0.205-0.800)	0.009

Notes: PSM (age, CAT, mMRC, CCQ, FEV1%, previous exacerbation history, and persistence), age, sex, CAT score, mMRC score, CCQ score, FEV1%, exacerbation in the past year, SITT or MITT therapy, and adherence were included as the variables in the multivariate Cox analysis.

Abbreviations: MITT, multiple triple-inhaler therapy; SITT, single triple-inhaler therapy.