Table 2.
Echocardiographic parameters
| Echocardiographic parameters | Overall (n = 36) | Non-HF control (n = 22) | HFpEF (n = 14) | P-value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Left heart structure/function | ||||
| Septal wall thickness (cm) | 9.7 ± 1.9 | 9.8 ± 1.8 | 9.3 ± 1.8 | 0.44 |
| Posterior wall thickness (cm) | 9.7 ± 1.6 | 9.7 ± 1.4 | 9.8 ± 1.8 | 0.858 |
| LV mass index | 100.4 ± 26.5 | 92.7 ± 22.6 | 113.0 ± 27.5 | 0.031* |
| LV ejection fraction (%) | 61.2 ± 9.4 | 63.7 ± 7.5 | 57.5 ± 11.6 | 0.197 |
| LA volume index (mL/m2) | 40.4 ± 19.0 | 34.2 ± 12.4 | 49.8 ± 23.1 | 0.02* |
| E velocity (cm/s) | 77.8 ± 29.0 | 76.3 ± 22.9 | 80.2 ± 36.6 | 0.713 |
| E/A ratio | 0.95 ± 0.42 | 0.88 ± 0.32 | 1.10 ± 0.55 | 0.23 |
| TR systolic jet velocity | 2.29 ± 0.47 | 2.14 ± 0.44 | 2.51 ± 0.42 | 0.064 |
| Tissue Doppler indices | ||||
| LV septal e′ velocity (cm/s) | 6.3 ± 1.9 | 6.6 ± 1.8 | 5.6 ± 1.8 | 0.127 |
| LV E/e′ ratio | 12.6 ± 3.9 | 12.0 ± 3.9 | 13.7 ± 3.9 | 0.253 |
| Diastolic dysfunction score | 1.72 ± 1.28 | 1.18 ± 0.89 | 2.57 ± 1.29 | 0.00073* |
For the scoring of diastolic dysfunction, each case was classified into five grades: 0–4. The parameters used for scoring are average E/e′ > 14, septal e′ velocity <7 cm/s, tricuspid regurgitation systolic jet velocity >2.8 m/s and left atrial volume index >34 mL/m2.
LA, left atrium; LV, left ventricle; TR, tricuspid regurgitation.
*P < 0.05.