Table 2.
Baseline Characteristics, Including Cardiocerebrovascular Thromboembolism Risks Overall and in TLF and Non-TLF Groups Separately
| Total (n=872) |
TLF (n=62) |
Non-TLF (n=810) |
P value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiocerebrovascular thromboembolism risk | ||||
| CHADS2 score | 2.25±1.00 | 2.52±0.90 | 2.23±1.01 | 0.015 |
| CHADS2 score ≥2 (%) | 77.6 | 90.3 | 76.7 | 0.013 |
| CHADS2 score ≥3 (%) | 37.7 | 50.0 | 36.8 | 0.039 |
| CHADS2 score ≥4 (%) | 9.6 | 11.3 | 9.5 | 0.646 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score | 4.87±1.66 | 5.11±1.52 | 4.85±1.67 | 0.188 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥4 (%) | 78.9 | 82.3 | 78.6 | 0.501 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥5 (%) | 57.1 | 71.0 | 56.0 | 0.022 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc score ≥6 (%) | 34.9 | 37.1 | 34.7 | 0.702 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc-HS score | 6.29±1.71 | 6.69±1.57 | 6.26±1.71 | 0.039 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc-HS score ≥6 (%) | 66.7 | 75.8 | 66.0 | 0.116 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc-HS score ≥7 (%) | 44.5 | 58.1 | 43.5 | 0.026 |
| CHA2DS2-VASc-HS score ≥8 (%) | 24.8 | 24.2 | 24.8 | 0.913 |
| Score componentsA | ||||
| C (%) | 21.4 | 43.5 | 19.8 | <0.001 |
| H (%) | 91.1 | 91.9 | 91.0 | 0.801 |
| Age (year) | 71.2±10.0 | 70.6±9.8 | 71.2±10.0 | 0.643 |
| A2 (%) | 44.6 | 43.5 | 44.7 | 0.861 |
| D (%) | 58.7 | 69.4 | 53.3 | 0.015 |
| S2 (%) | 4.4 | 1.6 | 4.6 | 0.272 |
| V (%) | 63.5 | 67.7 | 63.2 | 0.475 |
| A (%) | 31.0 | 32.3 | 30.9 | 0.819 |
| Sc (%) | 78.4 | 72.6 | 78.9 | 0.244 |
| H (%) | 98.5 | 98.4 | 98.5 | 0.934 |
| S (%) | 49.7 | 59.7 | 43.0 | 0.011 |
| Other patient characteristics | ||||
| eGFR (mL/min/1.73 m2) | 54.7±23.1 | 46.1±26.4 | 55.3±22.7 | 0.002 |
| CKD (%) | ||||
| Stage 5D (hemodialysis) | 8.7 | 21.0 | 7.8 | <0.001 |
| Stage 3b to 5 exp 5D | 19.5 | 21.0 | 19.5 | 0.780 |
| Serum hemoglobin (g/dL) | 12.7±2.0 | 11.9±1.91 | 12.8±1.99 | <0.001 |
| Anemia (%) | 47.0 | 69.4 | 45.3 | <0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 24.0±3.9 | 22.8±4.18 | 24.1±3.85 | 0.015 |
| Low (≤18.4 kg/m2) BMI (%) | 5.3 | 14.5 | 4.6 | <0.001 |
| Lesion characteristics (%) | ||||
| Left anterior descending artery | 42.8 | 37.1 | 43.2 | 0.348 |
| Left circumflex artery | 19.8 | 17.7 | 20.0 | 0.667 |
| Right coronary artery | 33.7 | 38.7 | 33.3 | 0.388 |
| Left main coronary artery | 3.4 | 6.5 | 3.2 | 0.177 |
| Diffuse | 46.3 | 61.3 | 45.1 | 0.014 |
| Proximal tortuosity | 6.4 | 8.1 | 6.3 | 0.584 |
| Bending | 18.2 | 29.0 | 17.4 | 0.022 |
| Calcification | 28.3 | 50.0 | 26.7 | <0.001 |
| Chronic total occlusion | 5.8 | 11.3 | 5.4 | 0.058 |
| Ostium | 15.6 | 19.4 | 15.3 | 0.397 |
| Bifurcation | 28.7 | 27.4 | 28.8 | 0.821 |
| Procedural characteristics | ||||
| No. DES | 1.33±0.58 | 1.47±0.67 | 1.32±0.57 | 0.082 |
| Balloon size (mm) | 3.58±0.63 | 3.44±0.59 | 3.59±0.63 | 0.049 |
| Total DES length (mm) | 37.8±23.7 | 44.0±25.7 | 37.3±23.4 | 0.047 |
| Total DES length ≥60 mm (%) | 18.6 | 27.4 | 17.9 | 0.063 |
| Pressure (atm) | 16.1±3.3 | 15.5±3.1 | 16.1±3.3 | 0.154 |
| Debulking device use (%) | 10.2 | 22.6 | 9.3 | <0.001 |
| Quantitative coronary angiography | ||||
| Preprocedural MLD (mm) | 1.05±0.557 | 0.876±0.475 | 1.06±0.561 | 0.004 |
| Preprocedural %DS | 56.5±21.0 | 59.7±20.9 | 56.2±21.0 | 0.211 |
| Post-procedural MLD (mm) | 2.67±0.54 | 2.49±0.47 | 2.68±0.55 | 0.003 |
| Post-procedural %DS | 11.9±6.9 | 15.4±8.9 | 11.7±6.6 | 0.001 |
| Post-procedural %DS ≥20 (%) | 11.1 | 22.6 | 10.2 | 0.003 |
| Post-procedural RD (mm) | 3.04±0.59 | 2.96±0.54 | 3.04±0.60 | 0.272 |
| Clinical outcomes | ||||
| Clinical observational interval (days) | 411±438 | 382±299 | 414±447 | 0.436 |
| All-cause death (%) | 4.7 | 32.3 | 2.6 | <0.001 |
| TLF (%) | 7.1 | 100 | 0 | 1.000 |
| Cardiac death (%) | 2.2 | 30.6 | 0 | <0.001 |
| Non-fatal MI (%) | 0.2 | 3.2 | 0 | <0.001 |
| Angiographic TVR (%) | 4.4 | 66.1 | 0 | <0.001 |
| Clinical TLR (%) | 1.8 | 25.8 | 0 | <0.001 |
| Angiographic TLR (%) | 3.9 | 54.8 | 0 | <0.001 |
Unless specified otherwise, data are given as the mean±SD or as percentages. AFor definitions of individual score components, see Table 1. BMI, body mass index; CKD, chronic kidney disease; DES, drug-eluting stent; %DS, percentage diameter stenosis; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; MI, myocardial infarction; MLD, minimum lumen diameter; RD, reference vessel diameter; TLF, target lesion failure; TLR, target lesion revascularization; TVR, target vessel revascularization.