Table 2.
Cross-sectional association of fat mass, lean mass and blood pressure with carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity and carotid intima-media thickness at age 24 years
| N = 1799 | Pulse wave velocity (m/s) | Carotid intima-media thickness (mm) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Univariate analysis | Multivariable analysis | Univariate analysis | Multivariable analysis | |||||
| β (95% CI) | p-value | β (95% CI) | p-value | β (95% CI) | p-value | β (95% CI) | P-value | |
| Total fat mass (kg) | 0.029 (0.011– 0.046) | 0.001 | −0.007 (−0.030– 0.016) | 0.564 | 0.004 (−0.008–0.015) | 0.547 | −0.032 (−0.047– −0.018) | <0.0001 |
| Trunk fat mass (kg) | 0.020 (0.005 – 0.034) | 0.007 | −0.010 (−0.029– 0.008) | 0.281 | 0.001 (−0.009–0.010) | 0.978 | −0.028 (−0.040– −0.016) | <0.0001 |
| Lean mass (kg) | 0.160 (0.107– 0.213) | <0.0001 | 0.117 (0.054–0.180) | <0.0001 | 0.132 (0.097–0.166) | <0.0001 | 0.146 (0.103−0.188) | <0.0001 |
| Total fat mass index (kg/m2) | 0.018 (0.0001– 0.035) | 0.045 | −0.016 (−0.038– 0.007) | 0.166 | 0.0001 (−0.012– 0.011) | 0.970 | −0.030 (−0.044–−0.015) | <0.0001 |
| Trunk fat mass index (kg/m2) | 0.012 (−0.002– 0.027) | 0.088 | −0.016 (−0.034– 0.002) | 0.087 | −0.002 (−0.012– 0.007) | 0.620 | −0.026 (−0.038– −0.014) | <0.0001 |
| Lean mass index (kg/m2) | 0.085 (0.021– 0.149) | 0.009 | −0.006 (−0.082– 0.070) | 0.873 | 0.138 (0.096–0.180) | <0.0001 | 0.146 (0.095–0.196) | <0.0001 |
| Body mass index (kg/m2) | 0.058 (0.018– 0.097) | 0.004 | −0.072 (−0.131– −0.013) | 0.016 | 0.040 (0.013–0.066) | 0.003 | −0.060 (−0.099– −0.021) | 0.002 |
| Systolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 0.001 (0.0001– 0.001) | <0.0001 | 0.001 (0.0001–0.001) | <0.0001 | 0.001 (0.0001– 0.001) | <0.0001 | 0.001 (0.0001–0.001) | <0.0001 |
| Diastolic blood pressure (mm Hg) | 0.001 (0.001– 0.002) | <0.0001 | 0.001 (0.0001–0.001) | <0.0001 | 0.0001 (−0.0001– 0.001) | 0.212 | 0.0001 (−0.0001– 0.001) | 0.284 |
Univariate analysis was adjusted for sex. Multivariable analysis was adjusted for age, sex, low-density lipoprotein, C-reactive protein, fasting blood glucose, systolic blood pressure and fat mass and/or lean mass depending on the predictor, moderate to vigorous physical activity, smoking status and family history of hypertension/diabetes/high cholesterol/vascular disease. Predictors and outcomes were skewed variables but were logarithmically transformed before linear regression analyses. β unstandardized regression coefficient, CI confidence interval. Multiple imputations were used to account for missing covariates, all predictors and outcomes had complete cases (n = 1799)
A 2-sided P-value < 0.05 (in bold) is considered statistically significant