Table 1.

Recorded combinations of techniques and delivery methods (clubbing/throwing) when hunting with clubs and throwing sticks

Hunting technique	Land animal hunting	Bird hunting	Marine hunting
Disadvantage	11 / –	5 / –	2 / –
Ambush	5 / 1	1 / 2	1 / –
Approach	3 / 1	4 / 1	8 / –
Pursuit	9 / 1	2 / –	– / –
Encounter	9 / 2	1 / 3	– / –

Note. Disadvantage refers to any technique that limits the escape of an animal. Ambush refers to instances in which hunters wait for prey in hiding, whether behind man-made blinds or natural features. Approach refers to stalking free-moving animals to within effective weapon range. Pursuit refers to chasing an animal to overtake it or to exhaust it. Encounter refers to hunting in which animals are taken, either jumped from the bush or spotted in trees, as they are encountered. For full definitions, see Churchill (1993)