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. 2023 Apr 4;40(5):136. doi: 10.1007/s12032-023-01994-y

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 1 — Hepatic transaminases and representative photomicrographs of H&E-stained liver sections: mean level of serum AST and ALT in A, B, respectively. ¥p < 0.05 versus normal control; *p < 0.05 versus ESC control; $p < 0.05 versus ATV-treated group. AST: Aspartate aminotransferase; ALT: Alanine aminotransferase; Normal: normal control; ESC: Ehrlich solid carcinoma control group; CP: cyclophosphamide-treated ESC group; ATV: Autoclaved Toxoplasma vaccine-treated ESC group; CP/ATV: Combined cyclophosphamide-treated and ATV-treated ESC group. Hepatic H&E sections showed: C normal preserved architecture in normal control. D Diffuse fatty changes (black arrow) with mild inflammation in ESC control. E Focal fatty changes and scattered granuloma composed of inflammatory cells (black arrowhead) in CP-treated group. F Moderate inflammatory cells aggregate mainly lymphocytes especially in the sinusoidal spaces with Kupffer cell hypertrophy (white arrow) in ATV-treated group. G Mild to moderate degree of portal inflammation with foci of lymphocytic aggregates and focal necrosis, marked hypertrophy and hyperplasia of Kupffer cells and sinusoidal lymphocytic infiltration (white arrowhead) in CP/ATV-treated group