Table 2.
Spearman correlation coefficients and differences of medians for sociodemographic factors and food and beverage consumption habits with specific gravity corrected urinary glyphosate concentrations, among control women with a term birth from Charleston, South Carolina (n = 26).
| Covariate/Exposure | Correlation Coefficient or Difference of Medians | p-value |
|---|---|---|
| Age | −0.05 | 0.800 |
| BMI | −0.11 | 0.579 |
| Educationa | 0.02b | 0.539 |
| Season of urine specimen collection c | −0.02b | 0.569 |
| Smoking statusd | −0.29b | 0.962 |
| Infant sexe | −0.06b | 0.011 |
| Food and Beverage Consumption Habits | ||
| “In general, how often did you …”: | ||
| Consume organic, eco-friendly, chemical-free, or environmentally-friendly food | 0.32 | 0.135 |
| Food and beverages in safe plastics | 0.29 | 0.176 |
| Drink water from a soft, crushable plastic bottle | −0.06 | 0.788 |
| Drink water from a hard, reusable plastic bottle | 0.11 | 0.630 |
| Consume foods stored in a clear, unbreakable, plastic | 0.30 | 0161 |
| container | ||
| Microwave food in a plastic container | 0.25 | 0.256 |
| Caffeinate coffee in the past week? | −0.02b | 0.911 |
| Caffeinate tea in the past week? | −0.02b | 0.423 |
| Caffeinate soft drinks or sodas in the past week? | −0.01b | 0.598 |
| “Since learning of pregnancy, how often did you …”: | ||
| Consume organic, pesticide-free, chemical-free food | 0.13 | 0.555 |
| Consume food grown by family/friends | 0.10 | 0.649 |
| Consume unprocessed food | 0.11 | 0.608 |
| Consume canned fruits or vegetables | 0.23 | 0.281 |
| Consume frozen fruits or vegetables | 0.03 | 0.909 |
| Consume fresh fruits or vegetables | 0.33 | 0.131 |
| In a typical week consume food from a can | 0.18 | 0.420 |
| In a typical week drink from a can | 0.12 | 0.600 |
| In a typical week drink from a plastic bottle | 0.24 | 0.270 |
NOTE:
Education (< college / > college);
difference of medians;
difference of medians between winter and spring;
smoking status (never smoked / current smoker or quit since learning of pregnancy);
infant sex assigned at birth (male / female)
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index