Table 3.
Associations between urinary glyphosate concentration and preterm birth among women with a pregnancy from Charleston, South Carolina (n = 52).
| Model 1 | Model 2 | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | OR | 95% CI | |
| Urinary glyphosate concentration (ng/mL)a | 1.13 | 0.72, 1.83 | 1.06 | 0.61, 1.86 |
| Race | ||||
| White | REF | - | REF | - |
| Black | 1.02 | 0.30, 3.52 | 0.40 | 0.08, 2.04 |
| Education | ||||
| ≥ College | - | - | REF | - |
| > College | - | - | 0.31 | 0.06, 1.61 |
| Age (years) | - | - | 0.94 | 0.82, 1.08 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | - | - | 1.06 | 0.96, 1.18 |
| Season of collection | ||||
| Fall | - | - | REF | - |
| Winter | - | - | 3.55 | 0.53, 23.76 |
| Spring | - | - | 1.16 | 0.18, 7.61 |
| Summer | - | - | 1.42 | 0.23, 8.81 |
NOTE: Binomial logistic regression models adjusted for urinary specific gravity;
a
Glyphosate expressed per interquartile range difference
Abbreviation: BMI, body mass index; CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio; REF, reference group