Table 3.

Subgroup analysis results of curcumin.

Outcomes	Subgroup	Overall effect			Heterogeneity test		Statistical method	Studies (N)	Sample size (N)	Figure
		Effect	95%CI	P	I2 (%)	P(Q)
DAS28	≤250mg	MD=-0.93	[-1.83, -0.02]	0.045	89.86	<0.001	Random	3	79	Figure S11
	500mg	MD=-1.30	[-1.99, -0.61]	<0.001	71.11	0.02	Random	4	68
ESR	≤250mg	MD=-71.94	[-153.31, 9.42]	0.083	99.13	<0.001	Random	3	79	Figure S12
	500mg	MD=-44.53	[-89.09, 0.02]	0.050	98.46	<0.001	Random	5	112
CRP	250mg	MD=-0.40	[-0.49, -0.30]	<0.001	0.00	0.92	Random	2	30	Figure S13
	500mg	MD=-0.32	[-0.63, -0.02]	0.037	95.76	<0.001	Random	3	74
RF	250mg	MD=-50.52	[-63.67, -37.37]	<0.001	0.00	0.78	Random	2	30	Figure S14
	500mg	MD=-52.08	[-65.21, -38.95]	<0.001	0.00	0.69	Random	2	30
DAS28	8 weeks	MD=-0.33	[-1.18, 0.53]	0.46	0.00	0.97	Random	2	38	Figure S15a
	12 weeks	MD=-1.29	[-1.93, -0.65]	<0.001	88.40	<0.001	Random	5	109
ESR	8 weeks	MD=-4.51	[-9.38, 0.36]	0.069	19.28	0.29	Random	4	131	Figure S15b
	12 weeks	MD=-107.27	[-115.32, -99.22]	<0.001	0.00	0.97	Random	4	60
CRP	8 weeks	MD=-0.06	[-0.13, 0.01]	0.084	–	–	Random	1	44	Figure S15c
	12 weeks	MD=-0.43	[-0.50, -0.36]	<0.001	0.00	0.72	Random	4	60