Table 2.
Longitudinal association between cognitive social capital and depression in 2018 and 2020, China.
| Depression in 2018 Model 1a: β coefficient (n = 9819) |
Depression in 2020 Model 1b: β coefficient (n = 9819) |
Moderating effect |
||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 2a: β coefficient (n = 19,638) |
Model 2b: β coefficient (n = 19,638) |
Model 2c: β coefficient (n = 19,638) |
Model 2d: β coefficient (n = 19,638) |
|||
|
Cognitive social capital (lagged by 2 years) | ||||||
| Generalized trust | ||||||
| Low | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| High | −0.17* (−0.32,-0.02) |
−0.16* (−0.32,-0.01) |
−0.10 (−0.25,0.04) |
−0.18** (−0.28,-0.07) |
−0.18** (−0.29,-0.07) |
−0.18** (−0.29,-0.07) |
| Trust in neighbors (0–10) |
−0.04* (−0.08,-0.01) |
−0.08*** (−0.12,-0.05) |
−0.06*** (−0.09,-0.04) |
−0.03* (−0.07,-0.00) |
−0.06*** (−0.09,-0.04) |
−0.06*** (−0.09,-0.04) |
| Trust in local government officials (0–10) |
−0.02 (−0.04,0.01) |
−0.04** (−0.07,-0.01) |
−0.03** (−0.05,-0.01) |
−0.03** (−0.05,-0.01) |
−0.01 (−0.03,0.02) |
−0.03** (−0.05,-0.01) |
| Reciprocity | ||||||
| Low | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| High | −0.17* (−0.34,-0.01) |
−0.29*** (−0.46,-0.12) |
−0.23*** (−0.34,-0.11) |
−0.23*** (−0.34,-0.11) |
−0.23*** (−0.34,-0.11) |
−0.09 (−0.25,0.07) |
| Year | ||||||
| 2018 | – | – | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. | Ref. |
| 2020 | – | – | 0.06 (−0.09,0.20) |
0.35* (0.03,0.67) |
0.19 (−0.01,0.39) |
0.16 (−0.01,0.34) |
|
Cognitive social capital (lagged by 2 years) × year (ref.: 2018) | ||||||
| Generalized trust (High) × 2020 |
– | – | −0.15 (−0.34,0.04) |
– | – | – |
| Trust in neighbors × 2020 | – | – | – | −0.06* (−0.10,-0.01) |
– | – |
| Trust in local government officials × 2020 | – | – | – | – | −0.04* (−0.08,-0.01) |
– |
| Reciprocity (High) × 2020 |
– | – | – | – | – | −0.27* (−0.48,-0.06) |
*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001; “Ref.” indicates the reference group.
In all models, we adjusted for the following variables in 2016 for depression in 2018 and the same variables in 2018 for depression in 2020: sociodemographic factors, socioeconomic factors, lifestyle factors, place of residence, physical comfort, and CES-D-8 Score. Full results are shown in Supplementary Table S3.