Table 1.

Patient characteristics.

	Development Dataset		External validation			Prospective dataset	P value
	Training dataset	Testing dataset	GZFPH dataset	WHTH dataset	HB672H dataset
No. of vertebral readings	1623	408	111	217	176	74
No. of Patients	1168	292	97	147	143	57
Age (years)	72.93±13.56	74.10±12.82	71.86±12.29	71.41±15.31	71.98±13.87	73.84±15.87	P<0.05
Sex							P<0.05
Male	365	92	32	65	61	13
Female	803	200	65	82	83	44
Compression fracture classification
Acute	802	201	62	113	94	38
Chronic	688	173	40	95	57	31
Pathologic	133	34	9	9	25	5

GZFPH, Guangzhou First People’s Hospital; WHTH, Wuhan Third Hospital; HB672H, Hubei 672 Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine Orthopaedic Hospital.