Table 2.
Estimated change rate of ocular biometry and choroid thickness in Chinese medical students using linear mixed model.
| Emmetropia (n = 20) | Mild to moderate myopia (n = 212) | High myopia (n = 59) | P-value † (Mild to moderate myopia vs. Emmetropia) | P-value† (High myopia vs. Emmetropia) | p-value† (High myopia vs. Mild to moderate myopia) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Change rate (95% CI) * | ||||||
| Ocular biometry | ||||||
| Spherical equivalent, D/y | −0.11 (−0.19, −0.03) | −0.11 (−0.13, −0.08) | −0.14 (−0.18, −0.09) | >0.999 | >0.999 | 0.902 |
| Axial length, mm/y | 0.04 (0.01, 0.07) | 0.02 (0.01, 0.03) | 0.04 (0.02, 0.05) | 0.821 | >0.999 | 0.276 |
| Intraocular pressure, mmHg/y | −0.65 (−1.05, −0.26) | −0.43 (−0.55, −0.31) | −0.60 (−0.83, −0.37) | 0.897 | >0.999 | 0.602 |
| Lens thickness, mm/y | 0.01 (−0.01, 0.03) | 0.02 (0.01, 0.02) | 0.01 (0.003, 0.02) | >0.999 | >0.999 | >0.999 |
| K1 (horizontal), D/y | −0.03 (−0.09, 0.03) | 0.004 (−0.02, 0.01) | −0.04 (−0.08, −0.01) | >0.999 | >0.999 | 0.225 |
| K2 (vertical), D/y | 0.01 (−0.07, 0.09) | −0.02 (−0.04, 0.01) | 0.002 (−0.05, 0.04) | >0.999 | >0.999 | >0.999 |
| Choroid thickness reduction, μm/y | ||||||
| Subfoveal | −10.46 (−15.62, −5.30) | −0.51 (−2.10, 1.07) | −0.93 (−3.93, 2.07) | <0.001 | 0.005 | >0.999 |
| Nasal, 1.5 mm | −4.52 (−9.17, 0.12) | −0.24 (−1.67, 1.19) | −1.24 (−3.95, 1.46) | 0.252 | 0.692 | >0.999 |
| Nasal, 3 mm | −4.26 (−7.95, −0.57) | 0.17 (−0.96, 1.31) | −0.86 (−3.01, 1.29) | 0.074 | 0.356 | >0.999 |
| Superior, 1.5 mm | −7.67 (−12.46, −2.88) | 0.32 (−1.15, 1.79) | −1.09 (−3.88, 1.70) | 0.006 | 0.060 | >0.999 |
| Superior, 3 mm | −5.49 (−9.90, −1.07) | 0.86 (−0.49, 2.22) | 0.63 (−1.94, 3.20) | 0.022 | 0.057 | >0.999 |
| Temporal, 1.5 mm | −10.37 (−15.16, −5.59) | −0.45 (−1.92, 1.02) | −2.36 (−5.15, 0.43) | <0.001 | 0.014 | 0.701 |
| Temporal, 3 mm | −6.95 (−11.73, −2.18) | −0.89 (−2.36, 0.57) | −1.06 (−3.84, 1.72) | 0.053 | 0.110 | >0.999 |
| Inferior, 1.5 mm | −9.72 (−14.35, −5.09) | −0.74 (−2.17, 0.68) | −2.00 (−4.70, 0.69) | <0.001 | 0.015 | >0.999 |
| Inferior, 3 mm | −8.74 (−12.72, −4.76) | −0.10 (−1.32, 1.13) | −1.00 (−3.32, 1.32) | <0.001 | 0.003 | >0.999 |
* Shown are estimated rate of change and 95% confidence interval.
†p value was calculated for interaction between group and follow-up in mixed linear model and has been adjusted for multiple comparisions to control an overall type I error of 0.05 using Bonferroni Correction.