Table 2.
Rates of different rehabilitation interventions and IRT model by demographic and clinical variables
| Rehabilitation intervention a | Model of IRT a | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| TR | PT | OT | ST | OIR | Singe intervention |
Multimodal intervention |
||
| Overall | 79,530 (38.0) | 60,228 (28.8) | 24,609 (11.8) | 30,021 (14.4) | 47,906 (22.9) | 59,178 (28.3) | 62,660 (30.0) | |
| Age group, years | ||||||||
| 14–50 | 8678 (36.7) | 6535 (27.7) | 2743 (11.6) b | 3187 (13.5) | 5166 (21.9) | 6452 (27.3) | 6827 (28.9) | |
| 51–75 | 54,026 (38.1) | 40,395 (28.5) | 16,584 (11.7) | 19,988 (14.1) | 31,908 (22.5) | 40,343 (28.4) | 41,943 (29.6) | |
| 76–99 | 16,826 (38.5) | 13,298 (30.5) | 5282 (12.1) | 6846 (15.7) | 10,832 (24.8) | 12,383 (28.4) | 13,890 (31.8) | |
| Sex | ||||||||
| Male | 51,124 (38.0)b | 38,526 (28.7)b | 15,739 (11.7)b | 19,250 (14.3)b | 30,567 (22.7) | 38,037 (28.3) | 40,073 (29.8)b | |
| Female | 28,405 (38.0) | 21,701 (29.0) | 8869 (11.9) | 10,771 (14.4) | 17,339 (23.2) | 21,141 (28.3) | 22,586 (30.2) | |
| Nationality | ||||||||
| Han | 77,031 (37.9) | 58,419 (28.8)b | 23,759 (11.7) | 28,985 (14.3) | 46,371 (22.8) | 57,562 (28.4) | 60,685 (30.0) | |
| Minority | 2499 (40.6) | 1809 (29.4) | 850 (13.8) | 1036 (16.8) | 1535 (25.0) | 1616 (26.3) | 1975 (32.1) | |
| Region | ||||||||
| Northeast | 7231 (34.0) | 3128 (14.7) | 1081 (5.1) | 1499 (7.0) | 2364 (11.1) | 6219 (29.2) | 3350 (15.7) | |
| North | 11,793 (30.6) | 8761 (22.7) | 3267 (8.5) | 3786 (9.8) | 5312 (13.8) | 10,412 (27.0) | 8315 (21.6) | |
| East | 22,563 (36.5) | 20,060 (32.5) | 8014 (13.0) | 9842 (15.9) | 13,359 (21.6) | 18,468 (29.9) | 18,954 (30.7) | |
| Central | 13,475 (38.4) | 11,010 (31.4) | 5325 (15.2) | 5544 (15.8) | 10,264 (29.2) | 9120 (26.0) | 12,109 (34.5) | |
| South | 9550 (51.3) | 6833 (36.7) | 2126 (11.4) | 3162 (17.0) | 6129 (32.9) | 5718 (30.7) | 7505 (40.3) | |
| Southwest | 10,740 (45.3) | 7569 (31.9) | 3567 (15.1) | 4668 (19.7) | 7686 (32.4) | 6287 (26.5) | 9128 (38.5) | |
| Northwest | 4178 (41.2) | 2867 (28.2) | 1229 (12.1) | 1520 (15.0) | 2792 (27.5) | 2954 (29.1) | 3299 (32.5) | |
| Hospital type | ||||||||
| Western medicine | 73,582 (37.0) | 57,428 (28.9) | 23,034 (11.6) | 28,354 (14.3) | 45,377 (22.8) | 55,774 (28.0) | 59,069 (29.7) | |
| TCM | 5774 (57.9) | 2712 (27.2) | 1551 (15.6) | 1629 (16.3) | 2468 (24.8) | 3321 (33.3) | 3487 (35.0) | |
| Hospital level | ||||||||
| Class A | 50,229 (41.3) | 37,002 (30.5) | 14,579 (12.0) | 19,042 (15.7) | 28,559 (23.5) | 36,147 (29.8) | 39,199 (32.3) | |
| Class B | 10,100 (37.0) | 7785 (28.5) | 3540 (13.0) | 3749 (13.7) | 6279 (23.0) | 7376 (27.0) | 8043 (29.5) | |
| Class C | 19,196 (31.8) | 15,473 (25.6) | 6487 (10.7) | 7230 (12.0) | 13,067 (21.6) | 15,654 (25.9) | 15,414 (25.5) | |
| BMI | ||||||||
| < 24 | 40,272 (38.6) | 30,707 (29.4) | 12,505 (12.0) | 15,864 (15.2) | 25,043 (24.0) | 30,103 (28.8) | 32,082 (30.7) | |
| 24- | 26,571 (37.7) | 19,929 (28.2) | 8092 (11.5) | 9699 (13.8) | 15,631 (22.2) | 20,043 (28.4) | 20,696 (29.3) | |
| 32- | 1178 (35.8) | 878 (26.7) | 369 (11.2) | 374 (11.4) | 671 (20.4) | 840 (25.5) | 920 (28.0) | |
| TOAST | ||||||||
| LAA | 43,282 (40.2) | 33,274 (30.9) | 13,893 (12.9) | 16,786 (15.6) | 26,112 (24.2) | 30,837 (28.6) | 34,562 (32.1) | |
| CE | 12,156 (40.4) | 10,058 (33.5) | 4007 (13.3) | 5294 (17.6) | 7769 (25.8) | 8178 (27.2) | 10,438 (34.7) | |
| SAO | 21,055 (34.7) | 14,482 (23.8) | 5713 (9.4) | 6709 (11.0) | 11,742 (19.3) | 17,537 (28.9) | 15,142 (24.9) | |
| SOC | 752 (39.0) | 536 (27.8) | 218 (11.3) | 300 (15.5) | 481 (24.9) | 555 (28.8) | 574 (29.7) | |
| SUC | 2270 (26.2) | 1849 (21.3) | 754 (8.7) | 924 (10.7) | 1793 (20.7) | 2065 (23.8) | 1912 (22.1) | |
| Reperfusion Therapy | ||||||||
| Only thrombolysis | 59,781 (35.4) | 45,158 (26.7) | 18,384 (10.9) | 21,936 (13.0) | 36,606 (21.7) | 47,507 (28.1) | 46,515 (27.5) | |
| BT | 5935 (50.4) | 4609 (39.2) | 2021 (17.2) | 2464 (20.9) | 3451 (29.3) | 3248 (27.6) | 4948 (42.1) | |
| DET | 13,814 (48.6) | 10,461 (36.8) | 4204 (14.8) | 5621 (19.8) | 7849 (27.6) | 8423 (29.6) | 11,197 (39.4) | |
| Reperfusion time | ||||||||
| Early | 42,982 (37.1) | 32,747 (28.3) | 13,566 (11.7)b | 16,355 (14.1) | 26,155 (22.6) | 32,514 (28.1) | 33,937 (29.3) | |
| Late | 34,968 (39.2) | 26,396 (29.6) | 10,653 (11.9) | 13,071 (14.7) | 20,880 (23.4) | 25,515 (28.6) | 27,561 (30.9) | |
| Initial mRS | ||||||||
| 0 | 22,515 (37.7) | 19,343 (32.4) | 7413 (12.4) | 9091 (15.2) | 14,438 (24.2) | 16,461 (27.6) | 19,367 (32.4) | |
| 1 | 9042 (33.7) | 5831 (21.8) | 2497 (9.3) | 3261 (12.2) | 5190 (19.4) | 7854 (29.3) | 6249 (23.3) | |
| 2 | 7858 (38.5) | 5230 (25.6) | 2272 (11.1) | 2764 (13.5) | 4622 (22.6) | 6227 (30.5) | 5715 (28.0) | |
| 3 | 7999 (42.3) | 5723 (30.3) | 2531 (13.4) | 3132 (16.6) | 4725 (25.0) | 5575 (29.5) | 6300 (33.4) | |
| 4 | 14,251 (43.9) | 11,065 (34.1) | 4765 (14.7) | 5735 (17.7) | 9075 (27.9) | 9400 (28.9) | 11,840 (36.5) | |
| 5 | 6951 (41.1) | 5251 (31.1) | 2263 (13.4) | 2830 (16.7) | 4474 (26.5) | 4503 (26.6) | 5675 (33.6) | |
| Initial NIHSS score | ||||||||
| 0–4 | 20,535 (29.6) | 14,312 (20.6) | 5720 (8.3) | 6711 (9.7) | 12,894 (18.6) | 19,581 (28.3) | 14,527 (21.0) | |
| 5–20 | 51,358 (42.9) | 40,333 (33.7) | 16,550 (13.8) | 20,340 (17.0) | 30,383 (25.4) | 34,579 (28.9) | 42,128 (35.2) | |
| ≥21 | 6631 (38.6) | 5071 (29.5) | 2120 (12.4) | 2708 (15.8) | 4186 (24.4) | 4165 (24.3) | 5466 (31.8) | |
| NIHSS score at 24 h | ||||||||
| 0–4 | 33,313 (31.1) | 24,045 (22.5) | 9504 (8.9) | 11,866 (11.1) | 21,313 (19.9) | 30,781 (28.7) | 24,579 (22.9) | |
| 5–20 | 37,110 (53.1) | 29,547 (42.3) | 12,606 (18.0) | 15,148 (21.7) | 21,149 (30.3) | 21,432 (30.7) | 31,311 (44.8) | |
| ≥21 | 3826 (34.5) | 2869 (25.9) | 1141 (10.3) | 1363 (12.3) | 2518 (22.7) | 2651 (23.9) | 3032 (27.3) | |
| △NIHSS24h | ||||||||
| Severe deterioration | 1259 (31.9) | 1014 (25.7) | 401 (10.2) | 467 (11.8) | 852 (21.6) | 907 (23.0) | 1025 (26.0) | |
| Mild deterioration | 7175 (49.7) | 5935 (41.1) | 2586 (17.9) | 2571 (17.8) | 4166 (28.9) | 4085 (28.3) | 6156 (42.7) | |
| Stable | 18,021 (41.0) | 13,037 (29.7) | 5372 (12.2) | 6375 (14.5) | 10,273 (23.4) | 13,065 (29.7) | 13,638 (31.0) | |
| Improvement | 47,550 (38.0) | 36,328 (29.1) | 14,818 (11.9) | 18,882 (15.1) | 29,550 (23.6) | 36,582 (29.3) | 37,948 (30.4) | |
| LOS, days | ||||||||
| < 7 | 17,129 (24.7) | 13,249 (19.1) | 4494 (6.5) | 6811 (9.8) | 11,709 (16.9) | 16,463 (23.8) | 13,125 (18.9) | |
| 7–20 | 52,021 (42.1) | 38,695 (31.3) | 15,826 (12.8) | 18,992 (15.4) | 30,186 (24.4) | 38,330 (31.0) | 40,529 (32.8) | |
| ≥ 21 | 9989 (65.4) | 8021 (52.5) | 4160 (27.2) | 4089 (26.8) | 5831 (38.2) | 4116 (27.0) | 8730 (57.1) | |
| ICH | ||||||||
| No | 76,203 (38.1) | 57,533 (28.8) | 23,516 (11.8)b | 28,705 (14.3)b | 45,912 (22.9) | 57,022 (28.5) | 59,901 (29.9) | |
| Yes | 3310 (36.7) | 2687 (29.8) | 1087 (12.0) | 1313 (14.5) | 1985 (22.0) | 2138 (23.7) | 2751 (30.5) | |
| GIH | ||||||||
| No | 79,106 (38.1) | 59,860 (28.8)b | 24,463 (11.8)b | 29,856 (14.4)b | 47,611 (22.9)b | 58,855 (28.3) | 62,296 (30.0) | |
| Yes | 407 (31.5) | 360 (27.9) | 140 (10.8) | 162 (12.6) | 286 (22.2) | 305 (23.6) | 356 (27.6) | |
| Covid19 pandemic | ||||||||
| Before | 54,649 (37.6) | 41,418 (28.5) | 16,942 (11.7) | 20,370 (14.0) | 32,862 (22.6) | 41,994 (28.9) | 42,732 (29.4) | |
| During | 24,881 (39.0) | 18,810 (29.5) | 7667 (12.0) | 9651 (15.1) | 15,044 (23.6) | 17,184 (26.9) | 19,928 (31.2) | |
Abbreviations: BMI, body mass index; BT, bridging thrombolysis; CE, cardioembolism; DET, direct endovascular therapy; GIH, gastrointestinal hemorrhage; ICH, intracranial hemorrhage; IRT, inpatient rehabilitation therapy; LAA, large artery atherosclerosis; LOS, length of stay; mRS, modified ranking score; NIHSS, National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale; OIR, other interventions of rehabilitation; OT, occupational therapy; PT, physical therapy; SAO, small artery occlusion; SOC, stroke of other determined cause; ST, speech therapy; SUC, stroke of undetermined cause; TCM: traditional Chinese medicine; TR, traditional rehabilitation
a Data are expressed as No. (%)
b P value > 0.05, those without b indicates P value < 0.05. P values are for subgroups and specific intervention, for example, different age groups and the use of TR, different age groups and the use of PT.