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. 2023 Apr 5;9(1):29. doi: 10.1186/s43094-023-00479-z

Table 5.

Antimicrobial activity, functional group and basic nucleus/structure of some selected phytochemicals in mango

Phytochemical Chemical name Basic chemical nucleus/structure Functional group Main antimicrobial effect
Mangiferin (present in almost all parts of mango) Xanthone glucoside

2-C-β-D-gluco-pyranosyl-1,3,6,7-tetrahydroxyxanthone

graphic file with name 43094_2023_479_Figa_HTML.gif

 Highly reactive –OH group

Antiviral Antifungal

Antimalarial

Antibacterial
Tannins (present mainly in leaves, bark and seed kernel)

Gallotanins

Ellagitannins, etc.

 graphic file with name 43094_2023_479_Figb_HTML.gif phenolic hydroxyl groups Antibacterial
Flavonoid (present mainly in flower, fruit and leaf) Benzo-ϓ-pyrone derivatives graphic file with name 43094_2023_479_Figc_HTML.gif

hydroxyl groups

Methoxy groups

double bond

 Antiviral
Alkaloids (in leaf, stem bark, kernel and root)

Quinines

Quinolines, etc.

 graphic file with name 43094_2023_479_Figd_HTML.gif Basic nitrogen atom Amine groups

Antimalarial

Antibacterial