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. 2023 Apr 4;20:39. doi: 10.1186/s12966-023-01440-2

Table 2.

Within-twin differences in ’pressure to eat’ and differences in appetitive traits at 16 months (n = 1858 twin pairs) and 5 years (n = 1010 twin pairs)

Differences in appetitive traits Differences in Pressure to eat
16 months 5 years
B ± SE β ± SE P value B ± SE β ± SE p value
Food responsiveness 0.22 (0.01) 0.42 (0.02) < 0.001 0.31 (0.03) 0.49 (0.05) < 0.001
Emotional overeating 0.26 (0.03) 0.22 (0.02) < 0.001 0.63 (0.11) 0.31 (0.06) < 0.001
Enjoyment of food 0.29 (0.01) 0.53 (0.02) < 0.001 0.37 (0.03) 0.62 (0.05) < 0.001
Satiety responsiveness 0.32 (0.01) 0.53 (0.02) < 0.001 0.44 (0.03) 0.67 (0.05) < 0.001
Slowness in eating 0.16 (0.01) 0.34 (0.02) < 0.001 0.24 (0.03) 0.47 (0.05) < 0.001
Food fussiness 0.17 (0.01) 0.36 (0.02) < 0.001 0.24 (0.04) 0.35 (0.06) < 0.001
Emotional undereating1 - - - 0.48 (0.04) 0.34 (0.03) < 0.001

B indicates unstandardised estimate, β indicates the standardised estimate

1Emotional undereating was only collected at 5 years.