Table 1.
Inclusion and Exclusion Criteria.
| Criteria | Inclusion | Exclusion |
|---|---|---|
|
Sample Characteristics |
· Children ages 0 to 25 at the time of the study (aligning with age brackets of previous research into refugee children (McEwen et al., 2022) and the age at which a person is neurologically and developmentally adult). · Children who migrated alone or accompanied by family. · Children who migrated nationally (rural to urban) or internationally. · Refugees and asylum-seekers. |
· Children who migrated under the context of international adoption. · Children moving within the same city or otherwise called “residential mobility”. · Second and third-generation migrants, or children of a migratory or ethnic background who did not migrate. · “Left behind” children. |
| Article Characteristics | · Articles in English were included. · Articles published from 2015 to 2022. |
· Articles published before 2015 because they do not represent current characteristics of migration. |
| Study Characteristics | · Studies with only migrant populations. · Studies comparing migrant populations to their local peers. · Qualitative, quantitative, and mixed methods studies. · Studies with unbalanced gender distributions were included due to the recurring lack of female participants in refugee samples. |
· Studies that mixed first- and second-generation migrants in their sample into one group. · Studies with unreliable, biased, or flawed designs. · Studies with unclear age brackets, such as studies that collected population samples by college-level or school grade. · Studies about psychological interventions’ results. · Case studies. |
| Measures of Mental Health | ·Studies focusing on postmigratory emotional problems such as loneliness, hopelessness, stress, etc. ·Studies focusing on postmigratory behavioral problems such as substance abuse, suicide, violence, risky sexual behavior, etc. · Studies focusing on postmigratory mental health diagnoses such as depression, anxiety, ADHD, PTSD, etc. · Studies focusing on cognitive well-being such as self-esteem, resilience, mindfulness, etc. |
· Studies that used children's academic achievement as a measure of emotional well-being. · Studies using cannabis use as an indicator of psychological problems. · Studies using BMI as a wellness measure. |