Table 5.
Findings types.
| Protective Factors | Risk Factors | ||
|---|---|---|---|
| School engagement | 5, 7, 15, 16, 18, 22, 23, 24, 30, 35, 38, 42, 47 | Substance Use | 31, 34, 35 |
| Access to government and educational resources | 16, 24, 30, 47 | Cultural distance | 1, 2, 4, 6 |
| Parental warmth and positive family relationships | 4, 14, 15, 22, 38, 48 | Educational strain | 25, 32 |
| Teacher support | 15, 18, 23, 25 | Daily hassles | 14, 20, 21, 45 |
| Religious beliefs | 8, 26, 44 | Peer conflict or bullying | 13, 20, 23, 25, 27, 32, 36, 41, 43, 47 |
| Relationships with case workers | 8, 38 | Experiencing or witnessing violence | 10, 11, 44 |
| Hopeful future outlook | 15, 37, 42, 44 | Experiencing natural disaster | 11 |
| Unaccompanied migration | 3 | Detention centers | 7, 8, 28, 34 |
| Social competence skills and friendships | 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 15, 16, 36 | Unaccompanied migration | 19, 20, 21, 26, 33, 37, 38, 41, 44 |
| Length of time since arrival | 20, 22, 35, 45 | Stressful life events (SLEs) | 11, 12, 19, 22, 29, 33, 40, 42 |
| Mindfulness exercises | 39 | Refugee status | 7, 8, 14, 17, 19, 20, 21, 22, 28, 29, 33, 34, 36, 41, 44, 46 |
| Acculturation stress | 2, 9, 15, 20, 21, 23, 34, 39 | ||
| Discrimination | 7, 8, 18, 19, 20, 23, 24, 27, 28, 34, 41, 44, 45, 47 | ||
| Low socioeconomic status | 13, 43, 44, 45, 46 | ||
| Conflict with parents | 16, 27, 34, 35 | ||
| Death of family member | 12, 29, 32, 38, 44, 46 | ||
| Language barrier | 2, 7, 12, 23, 34, 38, 39, 45 | ||