Table 2.

Descriptive statistics and comparisons between males and females at baseline and adulthood

				Baseline					Follow-up
		Females (n = 69)			Males (n = 69)	p			Females (n = 69)		Males (n = 69)	p
Chronological age	years	9.0 ± 1.6			9.3 ± 1.3	0.25			22.2 ± 1.7		22.4 ± 1.7	0.587
Body mass	kg	32.1 ± 9.5			33.6 ± 8.2	0.29			60.3 ± 10.7		76.1 ± 10.6	< 0.001
Stature	cm	134.8 ± 11.6			136.0 ± 9.3	0.50			164.6 ± 6.7		176.5 ± 6.0	< 0.001
Body mass index	kg/m2	17.29 ± 2.8			17.97 ± 2.6	0.15			22.21 ± 3.4		24.40 ± 2.9	< 0.001
Hand grip strength	kgf	17.3 ± 4.9			19.2 ± 4.7	< 0.01			28.7 ± 5.5		49.7 ± 8.7	< 0.001
Standing long jump	cm	128.8 ± 19.4			139.7 ± 22.0	< 0.01			152.7 ± 17.7		206.2 ± 24.4	< 0.001
Sit-ups	rep	29.4 ± 8.1			34.1 ± 9.1	< 0.01			37.4 ± 10.2		47.6 ± 9.8	< 0.001
Bone mineral density
Total body	g/cm2								1.167 ± 0.074		1.269 ± 0.091	< 0.001
Lumbar spine	g/cm2								1.174 ± 0.123		1.205 ± 0.135	0.162
Upper limbs	g/cm2								0.795 ± 0.049		0.945 ± 0.092	< 0.001
Lower limbs	g/cm2								1.203 ± 0.095		1.430 ± 0.122	< 0.001
Right femoral neck	g/cm2								1.038 ± 0.124		1.165 ± 0.184	< 0.001