Table 3.

Generalized linear model of total costs, measured with Wald distribution. Coefficients are presented on the model’s log-scale; to determine marginal monetary effects, exponentiate the coefficients as a proportion of the intercept.

Regression variables	Coefficient	95 % lower	95 % upper	P-Value
Concordance (% similar)	−0.022	−0.023	−0.021	0.000
Intercept	11.44	11.33	11.54	0.00
Age (reference = ≤ 55 years)
56–64 years	0.06	−0.01	0.13	0.07
65–74 years	0.12	0.06	0.18	0.00
75 years or greater	0.20	0.14	0.26	0.00
Sex (reference = male)
Female	−0.05	−0.08	−0.01	0.02
Cancer substage (reference = stage A)
Stage B	0.23	0.16	0.30	0.00
Stage C	0.30	0.20	0.41	0.00
Tumour grade (reference = low grade)
High grade	0.06	0.00	0.13	0.07
Unknown	0.08	−0.03	0.21	0.18
Emergency surgery	0.22	0.16	0.27	0.00
Comorbidity score (reference = none)
1 or 2	0.12	0.06	0.18	0.00
3 or more	0.36	0.28	0.45	0.00
Screening (reference = none)
Diagnostic	−0.08	−0.13	−0.02	0.01
Repeated	−0.13	−0.23	−0.03	0.01
Sporadic	−0.09	−0.13	−0.05	0.00
Urban residency	−0.01	−0.06	0.05	0.82
Neighbourhood immigrant tercile (reference = lowest)
Highest	−0.08	−0.14	−0.03	0.00
Middle	−0.05	−0.10	0.00	0.03
Neighbourhood income quintile (reference = lowest)
Highest	−0.05	−0.11	0.01	0.12
Medium	−0.04	−0.10	0.02	0.15
Middle	−0.04	−0.10	0.02	0.22
Medium to low	−0.01	−0.07	0.05	0.66