EXHIBIT 1.
Characteristics of US adult patients with incident kidney failure at treatment initiation, 2000–17
| Characteristics | Overall (2000–17) | Period 1 (2000–05) | Period 2 (2006–11) | Period 3 (2012–17) |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| No. of incident patients | 1,944,535 | 585,322 | 653,136 | 706,077 |
| Age, mean years Age group (years), % | 62.9 | 62.7 | 63.0 | 62.9 |
| 18–44 | 12.5 | 13.4 | 12.4 | 11.9 |
| 45–64 | 37.9 | 36.2 | 38.5 | 38.9 |
| 65–74 | 24.7 | 24.6 | 23.5 | 25.9 |
| 75 or older | 24.9 | 25.8 | 25.7 | 23.4 |
| Female, % | 43.8 | 45.7 | 43.6 | 42.3 |
| Race and ethnicity, % | ||||
| White, non-Hispanic | 53.9 | 55.0 | 53.5 | 53.3 |
| Black, non-Hispanic | 27.6 | 28.2 | 28.1 | 26.5 |
| Hispanic or Latino | 12.9 | 11.2 | 13.0 | 14.2 |
| Other, non-Hispanic | 5.6 | 5.6 | 5.3 | 6.1 |
| Insurance type, % | ||||
| Medicare | 45.4 | 43.5 | 43.5 | 48.7 |
| Private | 14.8 | 15.1 | 16.4 | 13.1 |
| Dual eligible | 13.3 | 12.9 | 13.1 | 13.7 |
| Medicaid | 12.3 | 11.7 | 12.3 | 12.8 |
| VA or other | 7.3 | 9.0 | 7.1 | 6.2 |
| Uninsured | 6.9 | 7.8 | 7.6 | 5.5 |
| Primary cause of kidney failure, % | ||||
| Diabetes | 45.7 | 45.0 | 44.8 | 47.1 |
| Hypertension | 26.9 | 25.1 | 27.1 | 28.2 |
| Other | 27.4 | 29.9 | 28.1 | 24.7 |
| eGFR, mean | 9.8 | 9.0 | 10.3 | 10.0 |
| Preemptive transplant, % | 2.0 | 1.8 | 2.3 | 2.0 |
SOURCE Authors’ analyses of Medical Evidence Report data (form CMS 2728), 2000–17. NOTES Some group percentages may exceed 100 percent because of rounding. Authors used Pearson’s chi-square tests to compare changes in each characteristic by period; overall estimates are presented for reference. p < 0.001 for all comparisons. Dual eligible is eligible for both Medicare and Medicaid. VA is Veterans Affairs. eGFR is estimated glomerular filtration rate, a measure of normal kidney function; numbers below 15 indicate kidney failure.