Table 2.
Full regression results for focal hypotheses (N= 120). Maternal recognition of happiness (Model 1), but not fear (Model 2) predicted observed sensitive caregiving, controlling for a priori covariates.
| β | p | ΔR2 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Model 1 | Happiness | |||
| Step 1 | Infant negative mood → Sensitivity | −.14 | .295 | .01 |
| Neutral d’ → Sensitivity | −.00 | .994 | ||
| Step 2 | Happy d’ → Sensitivity | .30 | .002 | .08 |
|
| ||||
| Infant negative mood with Neutral d’ | .00 | .991 | ||
| Infant negative mood with Happy d’ | −.08 | .401 | ||
| Neutral d’ with Happy d’ | .31 | <.001 | ||
|
| ||||
| Model 2 | Fear | |||
| Step 1 | Infant negative mood → Sensitivity | −.14 | .295 | .01 |
| Neutral d’ → Sensitivity | −.00 | .994 | ||
| Step 2 | Fear d’ → Sensitivity | .15 | .123 | .02 |
|
| ||||
| Infant negative mood with Neutral d’ | .00 | .966 | ||
| Infant negative mood with Fear d’ | .06 | .575 | ||
| Neutral d’ with Fear d’ | .16 | .080 | ||
Note. Models were run in two steps in MPlus Version 7 using FIML. Boldface indicates significant coefficients. Mothers’ performance on the emotion recognition task was measured during the newborn period; d’ scores were calculated as Z(hit rate) – Z(false alarm rate) for each emotion. Maternal sensitivity = mean of scores for Ainsworth’s (1969) sensitivity–insensitivity and cooperation–interference scales, coded from video recordings of the mother–infant free play session at 5 months postpartum.