Table 4.
Risk of depression by quartile of DII or E-DII stratified according to quartiles of HOMA-IR.
| Model 1 | Model 2 | |
|---|---|---|
| OR (95% CI) | OR (95% CI) | |
| Quartiles of DII | ||
| 0.03 ≤ HOMA-IR < 1.46 | ||
| Q1 | Reference | |
| Q2 | 1.51 (0.69–3.33) | 1.16 (0.53–2.57) |
| Q3 | 3.15 (1.59–6.23) | 1.80 (0.87–3.75) |
| Q4 | 5.07 (2.67–9.62) | 2.48 (1.15–5.36) |
| 1.46 ≤ HOMA-IR < 2.42 | ||
| Q1 | Reference | |
| Q2 | 1.19 (0.68–2.08) | 0.94 (0.49–1.79) |
| Q3 | 1.63 (0.74–3.58) | 1.22 (0.47–3.14) |
| Q4 | 4.04 (2.21–7.38) | 2.36 (1.13–4.90) |
| 2.42 ≤ HOMA-IR < 4.20 | ||
| Q1 | Reference | |
| Q2 | 0.81 (0.39–1.71) | 0.77 (0.35–1.73) |
| Q3 | 1.07 (0.51–2.24) | 1.10 (0.43–2.79) |
| Q4 | 1.82 (0.87–3.81) | 1.80 (0.71–4.55) |
| HOMA-IR ≥ 4.20 | ||
| Q1 | Reference | |
| Q2 | 0.96 (0.54–1.70) | 0.86 (0.48–1.55) |
| Q3 | 1.81 (1.06–3.08) | 1.53 (0.81–2.90) |
| Q4 | 1.67 (1.01–2.77) | 1.17 (0.54–2.54) |
| P a interaction | 0.862 | 0.661 |
| Quartiles of E-DII | ||
| 0.03 ≤ HOMA-IR < 1.46 | ||
| Q1 | Reference | |
| Q2 | 1.74 (0.82–3.67) | 1.16 (0.53–2.53) |
| Q3 | 2.00 (0.96–4.18) | 1.23 (0.55–2.76) |
| Q4 | 2.86 (1.43–5.73) | 1.43 (0.68–3.00) |
| 1.46 ≤ HOMA-IR < 2.42 | ||
| Q1 | Reference | |
| Q2 | 1.64 (0.71–3.78) | 1.68 (0.86–3.32) |
| Q3 | 1.46 (0.61–3.49) | 1.34 (0.65–2.79) |
| Q4 | 2.41 (1.03–5.61) | 2.04 (1.03–4.02) |
| 2.42 ≤ HOMA-IR < 4.20 | ||
| Q1 | Reference | |
| Q2 | 0.50 (0.26–0.97) | 0.46 (0.22–0.94) |
| Q3 | 1.12 (0.56–2.24) | 0.97 (0.46–2.06) |
| Q4 | 2.17 (1.14–4.14) | 1.54 (0.72–3.31) |
| HOMA-IR ≥ 4.20 | ||
| Q1 | Reference | |
| Q2 | 1.36 (0.76–2.44) | 1.23 (0.66–2.28) |
| Q3 | 1.43 (0.81–2.52) | 1.40 (0.75–2.62) |
| Q4 | 1.40 (0.80–2.43) | 1.29 (0.70–2.37) |
| P b interaction | 0.536 | 0.629 |
Q1, first quartile; Q2, second quartile; Q3, third quartile; Q4, fourth quartile; OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; E-DII, energy-adjusted dietary inflammatory index; DII, dietary inflammatory index; HOMA-IR, homeostatic model assessment for insulin resistance. Painteraction is the value of interaction between DII and HOMA-IR on depression; Pbinteraction is the value of interaction between E-DII and HOMA-IR on depression; E-DII is empirical dietary inflammatory index; Model 1: Did not adjust any covariates; Model 2: Adjusted for gender, education, race, marital status, age, PIR, CVD, DM, hypertension, BMI, WC, energy intake, alcohol use, and serum cotinine.