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. 2023 Mar 23;11:1124995. doi: 10.3389/fbioe.2023.1124995

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Copyright © 2023 Blanco-Elices, Morales-Álvarez, Chato-Astrain, González-Gallardo, Ávila-Fernández, Campos, Carmona, Martín-Piedra, Garzón and Alaminos.

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Analysis of the basement membrane in orthotypical (OAC) and heterotypical (HAC) artificial corneas and controls. PAS: periodic acid of Schiff histochemistry for glycosaminoglycans of the basement membrane; NID: nidogen-1 immunohistochemistry. In both cases, the area in which the in vivo histological images were obtained is labeled with a blue square in the illustration representing the rabbit cornea shown at the upper right corner. TEM: transmission electron microscopy with white arrowheads pointing to the basement membrane and yellow arrows highlighting the presence of the lamina lucida (LL), lamina densa (LD) and hemidesmosomes (HD). Bioartificial corneas kept ex vivo for 7, 14 and 21 days, and corneas grafted in vivo for 3 and 12 months are shown for the histochemistry and immunohistochemistry analyses. Controls (CTR) correspond to native, normal human corneas. Scale bars: 50 µm for the histochemistry and immunohistochemistry and 1 µm for the TEM analysis (applicable to all images). Histograms to the right correspond to the quantitative analysis of PAS and NID signal intensity quantified in intensity units (i.u.) of the ImageJ software.