TABLE 3.

Comparisons of PSNCQQ‐Ar averages by sociodemographic characteristics of participants (N = 238)

Variables	Mean	SD	t/F	p
Age
18–27 years old	4.17	0.99	4.518	0.002**
28–37 years old	4.14	0.93
38–47 years old	4.41	0.63
48–57 years old	4.61	0.60
58 years old or older	4.67	0.45
Gender
Female	4.46	0.79	0.743	0.229
Male	4.39	0.76
Education
High school or below	4.49	0.73	1.685	0.047*
College or above	4.32	0.84
Employment
Employed	4.49	0.73	1.782	0.038*
Unemployed	4.27	0.85
Marital status
Single	4.20	0.90	4.137	0.017*
Married	4.50	0.72
Divorced or widowed	4.59	0.55
Province
Riyadh	4.65	0.55	5.320	<0.001***
Medina	4.06	0.94
Geographic location
Urban	4.36	0.82	−2.530	0.006**
Nonurban (suburban or rural)	4.61	0.61
Previous hospitalization
1–3 times	4.36	0.81	2.344	0.098
4–6 times	4.60	0.48
More than 6 times	4.77	0.38
Length of stay
2–3 days	4.08	1.00	12.707	<0.001***
4–6 days	4.33	0.87
More than 6 days	4.65	0.45
Hospital accommodation
Single room	4.61	0.60	3.369	<0.001***
Shared with others	4.28	0.88
With family
No	4.01	1.11	−2.305	0.014**
Yes	4.49	0.70
Department
Maternity, labor, and delivery	4.21	1.15	2.557	0.056
Surgery	4.38	0.77
Medical	4.38	0.76
Other	4.65	0.55
Hospital recommendation
Do not recommend	2.75	0.99	−8.168	<0.001***
Recommend	4.59	0.52
Nursing care quality
Poor/acceptable	2.31	0.60	258.526	<0.001***
Good/very good	4.06	0.62
Excellent	4.78	0.30
Overall quality of care
Poor/acceptable	3.77	1.54	7.551	<0.001***
Good/very good	4.40	0.72
Excellent	4.59	0.58
Health status
Poor/acceptable	2.49	0.95	231.525	<0.001***
Good/very good	4.01	0.60
Excellent	4.80	0.27

Note: *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001.