TABLE 2.

Direct healthcare costs by country and age categories

Category	Total medical costs ($)	Nonhospital healthcare costs ($)	Outpatient visit costs ($)	Prescribed medication costs ($)	Hospitalization costs ($)	Length of hospital stay (days)
Age	p < 0.001	p < 0.001	–	p = 0.049	p < 0.001	p = 0.886
0–5	201.12	74.57	–	13.81	–	–
6–11	39.90	31.20	14.27	12.07	73.72	0.04
12–18	593.00	–	–	91.19	–	–
0–11	–	–	–	–	−2.01	−0.02
6–18	223.18	–	–	124.50	–	–
0–18	56.83	–	–	32.63	2971.69	0.40
Country	p = 0.243	–	–	p = 0.001	p < 0.001	p = 0.678
United States	274.75	–	–	132.82	2848.25	0.36
Europe	132.55	–	–	21.44	–	–
Australia	201.31	56.52	–	13.12	–	–
Canada	19.00	–	14.27	–	–	–
Japan	–	–	–	–	−2.01	−0.02