TABLE 1.
Baseline characteristics
| Patient cohorts | p‐Value | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| BKPyVAN n = 19 | TCMR n = 8 | DSA+ABMR+ n = 17 | Control group n = 10 | BKPyVAN versus | |||
| Variables | TCMR | ABMR | Control | ||||
| Variables recorded at the time of transplantation | |||||||
| Female sex, n (%) | 4 (21.1) | 1 (12.5) | 9 (52.9) | 6 (60) | >.99 | .08 | .05 |
| Recipient age (years), median (IQR) | 62 (48‐75) | 52 (46‐65) | 56 (34‐60) | 69 (64‐74) | .23 | .03 | .31 |
| Deceased donor, n (%) | 18 (94.7) | 5 (62.5) | 14 (82.4) | 10 (100) | .07 | .33 | >.99 |
| Prior kidney transplant, n (%) | 1 (5.3) | 0 (0) | 8 (47.1) | 1 (10) | >.99 | .06 | >.99 |
| Preformed anti‐HLA DSA, n (%) | 2 (10.5) | 0 (0) | 6 (42.9) a | 0 (0) | >.99 | .047 | .53 |
| Donor age (years), median (IQR) | 57 (48‐70) | 64 (42‐71) | 56 (32‐66) | 72 (67‐77) | .94 | .23 | .01 |
| HLA mismatch (A, B, DR), median (IQR) | 4 (2‐4) | 4 (3‐5) | 3 (3‐4) | 3 (3‐5) | .70 | >.99 | .96 |
| Initial immunosuppression | |||||||
| IL‐2 receptor antibody induction, n (%) | 17 (89.5) | 8 (100) | 8 (47.1) | 10 (100) | >.99 | .01 | .53 |
| Tacrolimus‐based immunosuppression, n (%) | 19 (100) | 7 (87.5) | 13 (76.5) | 10 (100) | .30 | .04 | >.99 |
| Peri‐transplant immunoadsorption, n (%) | 2 (10.5) | 0 (0) | 6 (35.3) | 0 (0) | >.99 | .11 | .53 |
| Variables recorded at the time of index biopsy | |||||||
| Years after transplantation, median (IQR) | .4 (.3‐.5) | .2 (.1‐.4) | 3.8 (2.6‐10.7) | .4 (.2‐.7) | .004 | .001 | .7 |
| Renal parameters | |||||||
| eGFR CKD‐EPI (ml/min/1.73m2), median (IQR) | 35.6 (24.2‐44.9) | 24.9 (17.6‐63.4) | 44.6 (24.9‐55.9) | 24.3 (17.1‐32.7) | .55 | .14 | .04 |
| Protein/creatinine ratio (mg/g), median (IQR) | 330 (192‐487) | 311 (171‐582) | 1003 (305‐2985) | 421 (203‐1570) | .78 | .01 | .34 |
| Maintenance immunosuppression | |||||||
| Triple immunosuppression, n (%) | 16 (94.1) b | 8 (100) | 17 (100) | 8 (100) c | >.99 | >.99 | >.99 |
| Tacrolimus, n (%) | 18 (100) b | 7 (87.5) | 13 (76.5) | 10 (100) c | .31 | .045 | >.99 |
| MPA, n (%) | 16 (88.9) b | 7 (87.5) | 17 (100) | 8 (100) c | >.99 | .49 | >.99 |
| Steroids, n (%) | 18 (100) b | 8 (100) | 17 (100) | 8 (100) c | >.99 | >.99 | >.99 |
Abbreviations: DSA, donor‐specific antibody; eGFR, estimated glomerular filtration rate; HLA, human leukocyte antigen; IQR, interquartile range; MPA, mycophenolic acid; BKPyVAN, BK polyomavirus‐associated nephropathy; TCMR, T cell‐mediated rejection.
a
For 3 recipients transplanted before 2009, solid‐phase HLA antibody screening on the wait list was not available.
b
For one subject, no data on maintenance immunosuppression were available.
c
For two subjects, no data on immunosuppression were available.