TABLE 2.

Delirium and neuropsychological assessment prior to FDG‐PET scan

	Delirium only N = 10	Controls N = 10	P value
CAM positive n (%)	10 (100)	0 (0)
Predominant etiology of delirium or acute illness a Sepsis n (%) Musculoskeletal n (%) Others n (%)	6 (60) 2 (20) 2 (20)	9 (90) 1 (10) ‐
Delirium subtypes Mixed n (%) Hyperactive n (%) Hypoactive n (%)	7 (70) 1 (10) 2 (20)
MMSEc/30	20.5 (18–24)	28 (28–29)	P < .001*
Delirium index b /21	7.5 (5.8–10.3)	0 (0–1)	P < .001*
WAIS‐IV Digit Span Forwards c /16	7.5 (4–8.5)	11.0 (7.8–13)	P = .019*
WAIS‐IV Digit Span Backwards c /14	3.5 (3–4.3)	6.0 (5–7)	P = .002*
WMS III Mental Control c /40	9.5 (8.8–14)	22.5 (21–25)	P < .001*
Clock Drawing test * /5	1.5 (1–3)	5.0 (3–5)	P = .001*
Trail Making Test A b /seconds	60 (45–180)	18 (16–21)	P < .001*
Trail Making Test B b /seconds	300 (283–300)	61 (39–83)	P = .01*

Note: Patients with delirium performed worse on neuropsychological assessment representing cognitive dysfunction during delirium. Continuous data are presented in median and interquartile range, while categorical data are presented in percentages.

Abbreviations: CAM, Confusion Assessment Method; FDG‐PET, ¹⁸F‐fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography; MMSE, Mini‐Mental State Examination; WAIS‐IV, Wechsler Adult Intelligence Scale IV; WMS‐III, Wechsler Memory Scale‐III.

^a Most patients had more than one cause of delirium or acute illness.

^b Higher scores indicate worse performance.

^c Higher scores indicate better performance.

^* P < .05.