|
Aetiology, Epidemiology, Pathophysiology
|
1 |
80 (45) |
77 (20) |
83 (25) |
0.547 |
| Anatomy |
1a |
50 (28) |
69 (18) |
33 (10) |
0.007*
|
| Definitions |
1b |
48 (27) |
65 (17) |
33 (10) |
0.017*
|
| Aetiology |
1c |
55 (31) |
58 (15) |
53 (16) |
0.743 |
| Epidemiology |
1d |
38 (21) |
12 (3) |
60 (18) |
<0.001*
|
| Pathophysiology |
1e |
46 (26) |
42 (11) |
50 (15) |
0.565 |
|
Natural history and risk factors
|
2 |
73 (41) |
77 (20) |
70 (21) |
0.560 |
| Natural history |
2a |
48 (27) |
58 (15) |
40 (12) |
0.186 |
| Risk factors |
2b |
67 (39) |
73 (19) |
67 (20) |
0.603 |
| Head Injury |
2bi |
50 (28) |
58 (15) |
43 (13) |
0.284 |
| Trivial head trauma |
2bii |
36 (20) |
39 (10) |
33 (10) |
0.690 |
| Elderly |
2biii |
57 (32) |
58 (15) |
68 (17) |
0.938 |
| Cerebral atrophy |
2biv |
41 (23) |
54 (14) |
30 (9) |
0.070 |
| Alcohol |
2bv |
32 (18) |
62 (16) |
7 (2) |
<0.001*
|
| Infant |
2bvi |
5 (3) |
12 (3) |
0 (0) |
0.056 |
| Antiplatelets |
2bvii |
33 (18) |
52 (13) |
17 (5) |
0.005
|
| Anticoagulants |
2bviii |
45 (25) |
58 (15) |
33 (10) |
0.067 |
| Hypotension |
2bix |
5 (3) |
4 (1) |
7 (2) |
0.640 |
|
Symptoms
|
3 |
41 (23) |
73 (19) |
13 (4) |
<0.001*
|
| Headache |
3a |
39 (22) |
69 (18) |
13 (4) |
<0.001*
|
| Appetite loss |
3b |
5 (3) |
8 (2) |
3 (1) |
0.470 |
| Nausea |
3c |
30 (17) |
62 (16) |
3 (1) |
<0.001*
|
| Vomiting |
3d |
30 (17) |
62 (16) |
3 (1) |
<0.001
|
| Weakness/Focal Neurological deficit |
3e |
36 (20) |
65 (17) |
10 (3) |
<0.001*
|
| Reduced consciousness/GCS |
3f |
41 (23) |
73 (19) |
13 (4) |
<0.001*
|
| Ataxia |
3g |
25 (14) |
46 (12) |
7 (2) |
<0.001*
|
|
Diagnosis
|
4 |
34 (19) |
62 (16) |
10 (3) |
<0.001*
|
| Clinical assessment |
4a |
27 (15) |
50 (13) |
7 (2) |
<0.001*
|
| Radiological assessment |
4b |
36 (20) |
58 (15) |
17 (5) |
0.002*
|
| Blood test assessment |
4c |
14 (8) |
23 (6) |
7 (2) |
0.085 |
| Differential diagnosis |
4d |
13 (7) |
27 (7) |
0 (0) |
0.003*
|
|
Surgical management
|
5 |
77 (43) |
69 (18) |
83 (25) |
0.213 |
| Any Surgical approach |
5a |
70 (39) |
62 (16) |
77 (23) |
0.219 |
| Decision/rationale for surgical approach |
5b |
34 (19) |
39 (10) |
30 (9) |
0.505 |
| Burr Holes |
5c |
73 (41) |
62 (16) |
83 (25) |
0.066 |
| Twist Drill |
5d |
34 (19) |
8 (2) |
57 (17) |
<0.001*
|
| Craniotomy |
5e |
59 (33) |
54 (14) |
63 (19) |
0.472 |
| Craniectomy |
5f |
7 (4) |
8 (2) |
7 (2) |
0.882 |
| Surgical drain |
5g |
25 (14) |
15 (4) |
33 (10) |
0.122 |
|
Nonsurgical management
|
6 |
50 (28) |
35 (9) |
63 (19) |
0.032*
|
| No interventions |
6a |
32 (18) |
31 (8) |
33 (10) |
0.838 |
| Steroids |
6b |
27 (15) |
12 (3) |
40 (12) |
0.016*
|
| MMA embolization |
6c |
20 (11) |
0 (0) |
37 (11) |
<0.001*
|
| Mannitol |
6d |
4 (2) |
4 (1) |
3 (1) |
0.918 |
| Hypertonic saline |
6e |
2 (1) |
4 (1) |
0 (0) |
0.464 |
| Other medications |
6f |
29 (16) |
8 (2) |
47 (14) |
0.001*
|
|
Complications and recurrence
|
7 |
64 (36) |
42 (11) |
83 (25) |
0.001*
|
| Frequency of Recurrence |
7a |
46 (26) |
8 (2) |
80 (24) |
<0.001*
|
| Factors associated with recurrence |
7b |
46 (26) |
12 (3) |
77 (23) |
<0.001*
|
| Recurrence treatment- surgical |
7c |
25 (14) |
4 (1) |
43 (13) |
<0.001*
|
| Recurrence treatment- non surgical |
7d |
27 (15) |
12 (3) |
40 (12) |
0.016*
|
| Complications- frequency |
7e |
48 (27) |
31 (8) |
63 (19) |
0.015*
|
| Complications- list |
7f |
48 (27) |
31 (8) |
63 (19) |
0.015*
|
|
Outcomes
|
8 |
66 (37) |
58 (15) |
73 (22) |
0.218 |
| Survival |
8a |
36 (20) |
15 (4) |
53 (16) |
0.003*
|
| Morbidity/Quality of Life |
8b |
46 (26) |
54 (14) |
40 (12) |
0.300 |
| Long term effects |
8c |
50 (28) |
54 (14) |
47 (14) |
0.592 |
| Support organisations |
8d |
21 (12) |
46 (12) |
0 (0) |
<0.001*
|
