Table 2.
Distribution and prevalence odds ratio of cardiovascular risk factors and cardiovascular diseases among carriers of a heterozygous variant in the leptin-melanocortin pathway.
| All (n = 2207) |
Carriers (n = 168) |
Univariate OR (95% CI) |
p-value | Model 1a OR (95% CI) | p-value | Model 2b OR (95% CI) |
p-value | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Cardiovascular Risk Factors | ||||||||
| Hypertension, yes | 1005 (45.5%) | 120 (71.4%) | 3.26 (2.31 – 4.61) | <.001 | 3.31 (2.33 – 4.71) | <.001 | 3.32 (2.34 – 4.73) | <.001 |
| Diabetes, yes | 1000 (45.3%) | 88 (52.4%) | 1.35 (0.99 – 1.86) | .05 | 1.32 (0.95 – 1.83) | .09 | 1.34 (0.96 – 1.86) | .08 |
| Dyslipidemia, yes | 1704 (77%) | 129 (76%) | 0.97 (0.67 – 1.41) | .89 | 0.95 (0.63 – 1.43) | .82 | 0.96 (0.63 – 1.45) | .84 |
| Smoke, yes | 915 (41.4%) | 64 (38.1%) | 0.85 (0.62 – 1.18) | .36 | 0.84 (0.61 – 1.17) | .32 | 0.86 (0.61 – 1.19) | .35 |
| Cardiovascular Diseases | ||||||||
| CAD, yes | 611 (27.7%) | 45 (26.8%) | 0.95 (0.73 – 1.49) | .78 | 0.89 (0.60 – 1.31) | .55 | 0.91 (0.62 – 1.35) | .66 |
| PAD, yes | 717 (32.5%) | 48 (28.5%) | 0.95 (0.52 – 1.72) | .35 | 0.74 (0.50 – 1.09) | .13 | 0.75 (0.51 – 1.10) | .22 |
| CVA, yes | 248 (11.2%) | 17 (10.1%) | 0.86 (0.52 – 1.48) | .63 | 0.86 (0.50 – 1.46) | .57 | 0.87 (0.50 – 1.49) | .61 |
Abbreviations: CAD, coronary artery disease; CVA, cerebrovascular accident; CVD, cardiovascular disease; PAD, peripheral arterial disease.
a
Adjusted for age and body mass index.
b
Adjusted for age, sex and body mass index.