Table 4.
Multivariable analysis of neurobehavioral impairment comparing each cohort.
| Domain | aOR (95% CI) Early-ART vs. CHUU (N=112)a |
P | aOR (95% CI) Late-ART vs. CHUU (N=87)b |
P | aOR (95% CI) Late- vs. Early-ART (N=79)c |
P |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
|
| ||||||
| Global cognitive ability | 1.89 (0.70, 5.15) | 0.2 | 2.12 (1.11, 4.06) | 0.02 | 5.28 (1.65, 16.90) | 0.005 |
| Short-term memory | 3.88 (1.45, 10.36) | 0.007 | 2.22 (1.15, 4.28) | 0.02 | 2.87 (0.98, 8.40) | 0.05 |
| Visuospatial processing | 0.97 (0.28, 3.35) | 1.0 | 2.16 (1.09, 4.29) | 0.03 | 10.23 (2.58, 40.51) | 0.001 |
| Learning | 1.00 (0.25, 3.99) | 1.0 | 2.28 (1.08, 4.81) | 0.03 | 10.07 (2.28, 44.37) | 0.002 |
| Planning | 0.23 (0.02, 2.94) | 0.3 | 1.78 (0.78, 4.11) | 0.2 | 16.22 (1.74, 151.24) | 0.01 |
| Nonverbal test performance | 0.57 (0.14, 2.32) | 0.4 | 1.98 (1.0, 3.92) | 0.05 | 11.38 (2.57, 50.38) | 0.001 |
| Delayed memory | 1.72 (0.61, 4.90) | 0.3 | 0.87 (0.40, 1.90) | 0.7 | 1.15 (0.32, 4.16) | 0.8 |
| Attention | 1.28 (0.40, 4.09) | 0.7 | 1.79 (0.86, 3.76) | 0.1 | 2.04 (0.63, 6.61) | 0.2 |
| Processing speed | 1.62 (0.57, 4.55) | 0.4 | 1.71 (0.85, 3.43) | 0.1 | 1.82 (0.62, 5.35) | 0.3 |
| Executive function | 1.79 (0.62, 5.18) | 0.3 | 1.80 (0.94, 3.44) | 0.08 | 2.41 (0.85, 6.82) | 0.1 |
| Behavioral regulation | 3.46 (1.27, 9.40) | 0.02 | 2.32 (1.19, 4.54) | 0.01 | 1.50 (0.56, 4.04) | 0.4 |
| Metacognition | 1.75 (0.64, 4.83) | 0.3 | 1.44 (0.75, 2.77) | 0.3 | 1.77 (0.64, 4.93) | 0.3 |
| Motor | 1.12 (0.35, 3.54) | 0.9 | 2.21 (1.11, 4.38) | 0.02 | 5.12 (1.59, 16.51) | 0.006 |
|
| ||||||
| Number domains P ≤0.05 | 2 (15.4) | 7 (53.8) | 7 (53.8) | |||
All multivariable models were adjusted for living in a one room house. aOR, adjusted odds ratio, CI, confidence interval; CHUU, children HIV-unexposed uninfected; CWHIV, children with HIV; ART, antiretroviral therapy. Bold text denotes P ≤0.05.
Planning, N=54; Nonverbal, N=80; Delayed memory, N=94; Attention, Processing speed, N=98; Executive function, N=111.
Global cognitive ability, Short-term memory, Visuospatial processing, Learning, Nonverbal, Motor, N=85; Delayed memory, N=72; Attention, N=78; Processing speed, N=79; Planning, N=54.
Planning, N=52, Nonverbal, N=78; Delayed memory, N=66; Attention, N=70, Processing speed, N=71; Executive function, N=76; Behavioral regulation, Metacognition, Motor, N=77.