Table 4.
Mode of injury connected to work-related head injuries in 2010–2017 in three different main industry sectors compared to other industry sectors, Finland
| Mode of injurya | n | RR (95% CI) |
|---|---|---|
| Indirect contact with a welding arch, spark, lightning (passive) (n = 171) | ||
| Construction | 40 | 1.39 (0.98–1.98) |
| Manufacturing | 69 | 2.73 (2.01–3.70) |
| Healthb | 5 | 0.23 (0.09–0.56) |
| Direct contact with electricity, receipt of electrical charge in the body (n = 21) | ||
| Construction | 9 | 3.42 (1.44–8.11) |
| Manufacturing | 5 | 1.26 (0.46–3.44) |
| Health | 1 | 0.38 (0.05–2.82) |
| Contact with naked flame or a hot or burning object or environment (n = 262) | ||
| Construction | 42 | 0.87 (0.62–1.21) |
| Manufacturing | 53 | 1.02 (0.76–1.38) |
| Health | 22 | 0.69 (0.45–1.07) |
| Contact with a cold or frozen object or environment (n = 10) | ||
| Construction | 0 | na |
| Manufacturing | 2 | 1.01 (0.21–4.75) |
| Health | 1 | 0.84 (0.11–6.65) |
| Contact with hazardous substances—through nose, mouth via inhalation (n = 225) | ||
| Construction | 9 | 0.19 (0.10–0.37) |
| Manufacturing | 20 | 0.39 (0.25–0.62) |
| Health | 144 | 13.48 (10.29–17.66) |
| Contact with hazardous substances—on/through skin or eyes (n = 5374) | ||
| Construction | 1079 | 1.14 (1.08–1.22) |
| Manufacturing | 1296 | 1.28 (1.21–1.36) |
| Health | 630 | 1.01 (0.93–1.09) |
| Contact with hazardous substances—through the digestive system by swallowing or eating (n = 43) | ||
| Construction | 7 | 0.89 (0.39–1.99) |
| Manufacturing | 5 | 0.53 (0.21–1.35) |
| Health | 12 | 2.93 (1.51–5.71) |
| Other mode of contact with electrical voltage, temperature, hazardous substances injury (n = 131) | ||
| Construction | 21 | 0.87 (0.55–1.39) |
| Manufacturing | 37 | 1.59 (1.09–2.32) |
| Health | 9 | 0.56 (0.28–1.10) |
| Drowned, buried, enveloped (n = 17) | ||
| Construction | 6 | 2.49 (0.92–6.72) |
| Manufacturing | 4 | 1.24 (0.41–3.81) |
| Health | 0 | 0 |
| Horizontal or vertical impact with or against a stationary object (the victim is in motion) (n = 5367) | ||
| Construction | 511 | 0.48 (0.44–0.52) |
| Manufacturing | 687 | 0.60 (0.55–0.64) |
| Health | 704 | 1.14 (1.07–1.22) |
| Struck by object in motion, collision with (n = 12,338) | ||
| Construction | 2813 | 1.35 (1.30–1.39) |
| Manufacturing | 2788 | 1.18 (1.14–1.22) |
| Health | 705 | 0.46 (0.43–0.49) |
| Contact with sharp, pointed, rough, coarse material agent (n = 5035) | ||
| Construction | 1167 | 1.37 (1.30–1.46) |
| Manufacturing | 1314 | 1.43 (1.35–1.51) |
| Health | 237 | 0.37 (0.33–0.42) |
| Trapped, crushed, etc. (n = 417) | ||
| Construction | 34 | 0.40 (0.29–0.57) |
| Manufacturing | 72 | 0.84 (0.65–1.08) |
| Health | 30 | 0.59 (0.41–0.85) |
| Physical or mental stress (n = 427) | ||
| Construction | 26 | 0.30 (0.20–0.44) |
| Manufacturing | 56 | 0.61 (0.46–0.81) |
| Health | 55 | 1.12 (0.85–1.48) |
| Bite, kick, etc. (animal or human) (n = 2214) | ||
| Construction | 28 | 0.06 (0.04–0.08) |
| Manufacturing | 7 | 0.01 (0.01–0.03) |
| Health | 1164 | 8.40 (7.79–9.07) |
| Other contacts (n = 499) | ||
| Construction | 89 | 0.99 (0.79–1.24) |
| Manufacturing | 62 | 0.57 (0.44–0.75) |
| Health | 78 | 1.40 (1.11–1.78) |
| No information (n = 347) | ||
| Construction | 39 | 0.58 (0.41–0.80) |
| Manufacturing | 53 | 0.73 (0.54–0.97) |
| Health | 37 | 0.90 (0.64–1.27) |
Industry sectors according to Standard Industrial Classification (TOL) 2008, Statistics Finland, and Statistical Classification of Economic Activities in the European Community (NACE)
aAccording to ESAW (European Statistics on Accidents at Work
bHuman health and social work activities