. 2023 Mar 24;10:1126064. doi: 10.3389/fvets.2023.1126064

Table 5.

Cecal short-chain fatty acid in growth-finishing swine reared under a digital livestock system (SCFA, μmol/g of cecal content).

Items	Groups ¹
Items	CON	CON0.4	DLSC	DLS0.4	SEM ²	P -value
Acetic acid	80.10^c	101.2^a	98.04^b	103.5^a	3.160	0.010
Propionic acid	16.72^c	25.17^a	20.32^b	26.33^a	0.875	0.022
Butyric acid	27.18^a	15.70^b	16.33^b	15.78^b	0.622	0.013
Isobutyric acid	20.08^a	12.41^c	14.78^b	13.07^c	0.502	0.016
Valeric acid	7.75^a	6.14^b	6.20^b	5.52^b	0.243	0.010
Isovaleric acid	5.84^a	3.06^b	3.55^b	2.85^b	0.153	0.008
Total SCFA	157.7^c	163.8^b	159^c	167.1^a	5.366	0.035

CON (control group with a conventional livestock system without a probiotic mixture), CON0.4 (conventional livestock system with a 0.4% probiotic mixture), DLSC (digital livestock system without a probiotic mixture), and DLS0.4 (digital livestock system with a 0.4% probiotic mixture).

Standard error of mean values, n = 10.

^a,b,c

Mean values with different superscripts are significantly different at P < 0.05.