TABLE 9.
Risk of bias assessment of the included studies—Infectious Disease.
| Bias author (year) | Random sequence generation (selection bias) | Allocation concealment (selection bias) | Blinding of participants and personnel (performance bias) | Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) | Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) | Selective reporting (reporting bias) | Other bias | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Objective outcomes | Subjective outcomes | Objective outcomes | Subjective outcomes | ||||||
| Blackwood et al. (2013) | Low risk | Low risk | Low risk | N/A | Low risk | N/A | Low risk | Low risk | Low risk |
| Caelli et al. (2000) | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | N/A | Low risk | N/A | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | Low risk |
| Dryden et al. (2004) | Low risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | N/A | Low risk | N/A | Low risk | Unclear risk | Low risk |
| Gnatta et al. (2021) | Unclear risk | High risk | Low risk | N/A | Low risk | N/A | Low risk | Unclear risk | Low risk |
| Gnatta et al. (2013) | Unclear risk | High risk | Low risk | N/A | Low risk | N/A | Low risk | Unclear risk | Low risk |
| Lee et al. (2014) | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | Low risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | Low risk |
| Maghu et al. (2016) | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | N/A | Unclear risk | N/A | High risk | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | High risk |
| Markum and Baillie (2012) | Unclear risk | Unclear risk | N/A | Low risk | N/A | Low risk | Low risk | Low risk | Low risk |
| Youn et al. (2021) | Low risk | Unclear risk | Low risk | N/A | Low risk | N/A | Low risk | Low risk | Low risk |