Table 2.
Factors associated with perioperative ischemic events
| Variable | Total (N = 319) | Patients with ischemic events, n (%) | p value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Study population | 319 | 20 (6.3) | |
| Age | 0.278 | ||
| <65 years | 149 | 7 (4.7) | |
| ≥65 years | 170 | 13 (7.7) | |
| Sex | 0.969 | ||
| Male | 247 | 15 (6.1) | |
| Female | 72 | 5 (6.9) | |
| Hypertension | 0.376 | ||
| No | 50 | 5 (10) | |
| Yes | 269 | 15 (5.6) | |
| Diabetes mellitus | 0.844 | ||
| No | 121 | 8 (6.6) | |
| Yes | 198 | 12 (6.1) | |
| Smoking | 0.267 | ||
| No | 248 | 18 (7.3) | |
| Yes | 71 | 2 (2.8) | |
| Coronary artery disease | 0.288 | ||
| No | 249 | 18 (7.2) | |
| Yes | 70 | 2 (2.9) | |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 0.728 | ||
| No | 286 | 19 (6.6) | |
| Yes | 33 | 1 (3.8) | |
| Dyslipidemia | 0.163 | ||
| No | 220 | 11 (5) | |
| Yes | 99 | 9 (9.1) | |
| Serum creatinine | 0.801 | ||
| ≤1.3 mg/dL | 268 | 16 (5.9) | |
| >1.3 mg/dL | 51 | 4 (7.8) | |
| Timing of CEA | 0.068 | ||
| ≤14 days | 26 | 4 (15.4) | |
| >14 days | 293 | 16 (5.5) | |
| Type of initial ischemic event | >0.999 | ||
| Retinal TIA | 13 | 0 (0) | |
| Hemispheric TIA | 99 | 6 (6.1) | |
| Stroke | 207 | 14 (6.8) | |
| Symptomatic extracranial stenosis | >0.999 | ||
| <70% stenosis | 49 | 3 (6.1) | |
| ≥70% stenosis | 270 | 17 (6.3) | |
| Ulcerated plaque | 0.715 | ||
| No | 256 | 15 (5.9) | |
| Yes | 63 | 5 (7.9) | |
| Ipsilateral intracranial stenosis | 0.691 | ||
| <50% stenosis | 242 | 14 (5.8) | |
| ≥50% stenosis | 77 | 6 (7.8) | |
| Contralateral carotid occlusion | 0.398 | ||
| No | 295 | 20 (6.8) | |
| Yes | 24 | 0 (0) | |
| Pattern of infarcts embolic | 0.707 | ||
| No | 108 | 6 (5.6) | |
| Yes | 211 | 14 (6.6) | |
| Hemodynamic | 0.189 | ||
| No | 124 | 5 (4.8) | |
| Yes | 195 | 15 (7.7) |