Table 1. Comparison of characteristics between the cancer and non-cancer groups.
| Variables | Non-PCa group (n=164) | PCa group (n=111) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years), mean ± SD | 66.9±7.98 | 72.1±7.3 | <0.001a |
| Total PSA (ng/mL), mean ± SD | 6.86±3.07 | 9.01±3.77 | <0.001a |
| TPV (mL), mean ± SD | 52.22±26.54 | 39.69±18.13 | <0.001a |
| PZV (mL), mean ± SD | 25.32±11.69 | 20.03±8.35 | <0.001a |
| PZ-PSAD (ng/mL2), mean ± SD | 0.319±0.198 | 0.536±0.336 | <0.001a |
| TZ-PSAD (ng/mL2), mean ± SD | 0.362±0.360 | 0.644±0.433 | <0.001a |
| PSAD (ng/mL2), mean ± SD | 0.154±0.950 | 0.270±0.160 | <0.001a |
| Abnormal finding in DRE, n (%) | 6 (3.7) | 11 (9.9) | 0.035b |
| Abnormal finding in TRUS, n (%) | 60 (36.6) | 41 (36.9) | 0.953b |
| Clinically significant cancer, n (%) | – | 99 (89.2) | |
| Chronic inflammation, n (%) | 124 (75.6) | 52 (46.8) | <0.001b |
| ISUP grade group | |||
| 1 | – | 23 (20.7) | |
| 2 | – | 31 (27.9) | |
| 3 | – | 10 (9.0) | |
| 4 | – | 36 (32.4) | |
| 5 | – | 11 (9.9) |
a, independent t-test; b, Pearson’s chi-squared test. PCa, prostate cancer; SD, standard deviation; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; TPV, total prostate volume; PZV, peripheral zone volume; PZ-PSAD, peripheral zone prostate-specific antigen density; TZ-PSAD, transition zone prostate-specific antigen density; DRE, digital rectal examination; TRUS, transrectal ultrasound; ISUP, International Society of Urological Pathology.