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. 2023 Mar 17;12(3):502–514. doi: 10.21037/tcr-22-1855

Table 1. Comparison of characteristics between the cancer and non-cancer groups.

Variables Non-PCa group (n=164) PCa group (n=111) P value
Age (years), mean ± SD 66.9±7.98 72.1±7.3 <0.001a
Total PSA (ng/mL), mean ± SD 6.86±3.07 9.01±3.77 <0.001a
TPV (mL), mean ± SD 52.22±26.54 39.69±18.13 <0.001a
PZV (mL), mean ± SD 25.32±11.69 20.03±8.35 <0.001a
PZ-PSAD (ng/mL2), mean ± SD 0.319±0.198 0.536±0.336 <0.001a
TZ-PSAD (ng/mL2), mean ± SD 0.362±0.360 0.644±0.433 <0.001a
PSAD (ng/mL2), mean ± SD 0.154±0.950 0.270±0.160 <0.001a
Abnormal finding in DRE, n (%) 6 (3.7) 11 (9.9) 0.035b
Abnormal finding in TRUS, n (%) 60 (36.6) 41 (36.9) 0.953b
Clinically significant cancer, n (%) 99 (89.2)
Chronic inflammation, n (%) 124 (75.6) 52 (46.8) <0.001b
ISUP grade group
   1 23 (20.7)
   2 31 (27.9)
   3 10 (9.0)
   4 36 (32.4)
   5 11 (9.9)

a, independent t-test; b, Pearson’s chi-squared test. PCa, prostate cancer; SD, standard deviation; PSA, prostate-specific antigen; TPV, total prostate volume; PZV, peripheral zone volume; PZ-PSAD, peripheral zone prostate-specific antigen density; TZ-PSAD, transition zone prostate-specific antigen density; DRE, digital rectal examination; TRUS, transrectal ultrasound; ISUP, International Society of Urological Pathology.