Table 2. Association of sex-related hormones and semen parameters in reproductive-age males recovered from COVID-19.
| Variable | Univariable regression | Multivariable regression | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR | 95% CI | P value | OR | 95% CI | P value | ||
| Age | 1 | 0.823–1.214 | 0.956 | – | – | – | |
| FSH (IU/L) | 0.888 | 0.610–1.266 | 0.516 | – | – | – | |
| LH (IU/L) | 1.103 | 0.817–1.501 | 0.523 | – | – | – | |
| Prolactin (ng/mL) | 0.976 | 0.849–1.107 | 0.713 | – | – | – | |
| Testosterone (ng/mL) | 1 | 0.996–1.003 | 0.950 | – | – | – | |
| Semen volume (mL) | 0.482 | 0.226–0.893 | 0.037 | 0.500 | 0.221–0.995 | 0.069 | |
| Sperm concentration (×106/mL) | 1 | 0.999–1.056 | 0.008 | 1 | 0.999–1.098 | 0.016 | |
| Total motility (%) | 1.012 | 0.949–1.087 | 0.725 | – | – | – | |
| Progressive motility (%) | 0.997 | 0.953–1.045 | 0.902 | – | – | – | |
| Non-progressive motility (%) | 1.050 | 0.953–1.162 | 0.329 | – | – | – | |
| Viability (%) | 1.027 | 0.974–1.104 | 0.400 | – | – | – | |
| Leukocytes detected (number) | 1.057 | 0.827–1.354 | 0.653 | – | – | – | |
| IPSS | 1.006 | 0.608–1.639 | 0.979 | – | – | – | |
| IIEF-5 | 0.881 | 0.51–1.512 | 0.644 | – | – | – | |
P<0.05 was considered statistically significant. OR, odds ratio; CI, confidence interval; FSH, follicle-stimulating hormone; LH, luteinizing hormone; IPSS, International Prostate Symptom Score; IIEF-5, International Index of Erectile Function.