Table 9.
Complications of full endoscopic transforminal decompression of reviewed study
| Study | Year | Design | Country | Approach | Complications (n) |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kambin et al. [119] | 1996 | Prospective study | USA | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Dyseshesia (4), infection (1) |
| Knight et al. [120] | 2014 | Prospective study | UK | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Recurrent transient predominant symptom (15) |
| Li et al. [121] | 2019 | Comparative study | China | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Dysesthesia (1), nerve injury (1), revision operation (2) |
| Tang et al. [122] | 2018 | Retrospective study | China | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Dysesthesia (1), temporary pain aggravation (6), neck pain (1) |
| Zhang et al. [123] | 2020 | Retrospective study | China | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Dysesthesia (3), dural tear (2) |
| Lewandrowski [124] | 2014 | Retrospective study | USA | Full endoscopic transforaminal | None |
| Wen et al. [125] | 2016 | Retrospective study | China | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Recurred pain (reop) (5), dural tear (1) |
| Lewandrowski [126] | 2018 | Retrospective study | USA | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Irritation of dorsal root ganglion (12) |
| Lewandrowski [127] | 2018 | Retrospective study | USA | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Dysesthesia (9), incisional pain (5), infection (2) |
| Yang et al. [128] | 2019 | Retrospective study | China | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Dysesthesia (4), dural tear (1), urinary retention (1) |
| Youn et al. [129] | 2019 | Retrospective study | Korea | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Dyseshesia (5) |
| Yeung et al. [130] | 2019 | Retrospective study | China | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Dysesthesia (9), hematoma (1), other level pain (2), persistent pain (3), disc herniation (9) |
| Bao et al. [131] | 2019 | Retrospective study | China | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Transient recurrence of symptoms (4), reoperation (2) |
| Lewandrowski [132] | 2019 | Retrospective study | USA | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Durotomy (2), foot drop (2), disc reherniation (9), wound infection (1), discitis (1), COPD (1) |
| Li et al. [133] | 2020 | Retrospective study | China | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Dural tearing (3), temporary leg numbness (5) |
| Martínez et al. [134] | 2020 | Retrospective study | USA | Full endoscopic transforaminal | None |
| Lewandrowski and Ransom [135] | 2019 | Retrospective study | USA | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Dysesthesia (8), untreated pain (reop) (32) |
| Song et al. [136] | 2021 | Retrospective study | China | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Dysesthesia (1), incomplete decompression (reop) (1) |
| Liu et al. [137] | 2020 | Retrospective study | China | Full endoscopic transforaminal | None |
| Yeung and Lewandrowski [138] | 2020 | Retrospective study | USA | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Dysesthesia (17), recurrent HNP (9), hematoma (1), untreated pain (37) |
| Zhang et al. [139] | 2020 | Retrospective study | China | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Dysesthesia (1), temporary pain aggravation (2) |
| Cheng et al. [140] | 2020 | Retrospective study | China | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Dural tear (1), untreated pain (reop) (1), tibialis anterior weakness (1) |
| Nam et al. [141] | 2020 | Case report | Korea | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Fracture (1) |
| Ahn et al. [142] | 2003 | Technical note | Korea | Full endoscopic transforaminal | Missed foraminal dis fragment (reop) (1) |
COPD, chronic obstructive pulmomary disease; HNP, herniation nucleus pulposus.