Table 2.
Comparison of the results of this study with those of previous on the effect of ‘long-term’ exercise intervention on symptoms of insomnia
| PSQI parameters | King et al. (2008)*[16] | Reid et al. (2010)[24] | Passos et al. (2011)[22] | Mercier et al., (2018)**[18] | D’Aurea et al. (2019)[8] | Current study | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Intervention | |||||||
| Type of exercise | Aerobic | Aerobic | Aerobic | Aerobic | Resistance | Stretching | Combined aerobic-resistance |
| Duration | 12 months | 16 weeks | 6 months | 6 weeks | 4 months | 4 months | 3 months |
| Sleep duration (hours) | 1.25 | NS | NR | 0.69 | 1.2 | 1.6 | 0.8 |
| Sleep latency (minutes) | -5.2 | -12.4 | -8.4 | -15.3 | -47.5 | -37.9 | -26.4 |
| Sleep efficiency (%) | NR | NR | 7.4 | 9.6 | 19.5 | 13.3 | 12.2 |
| PSQI scores | |||||||
| Subjective sleep quality | NR | -1.82 | NR | NR | NR | NR | -0.5 |
| Sleep latency | NR | -0.6 | NR | NR | NR | NR | -0.8 |
| Sleep duration | -0.28 | -0.9 | NR | NR | NR | NR | -0.9 |
| Sleep efficiency | NR | -0.5 | NR | NR | NR | NR | -1.0 |
| Sleep disturbance | -0.16 | -0.5 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NS |
| Use of sleep medication | NR | -0.4 | NR | NR | NR | NR | NS |
| Daytime dysfunction | 0.13 | -0.8 | NR | NR | NR | NR | -0.8 |
| Total | -5.62 | -2.11 | NR | -2 | -5.3 | -3.9 | -4 |
NS: Change statistically not-significant. NR: Not reported. *The study was conducted on individuals older than 55 years. **The study was conducted on cancer patients