Table 1.

Baseline information of literature

Ref.	Number of cases	Number (E/C)	Age (yr)	Primary cancer type	Intervention measures	Control intervention	Outcome indicators
Dadkhah et al[10], 2019	60	30/30	56 ± 8.84	Gastrointestinal neoplasm	Relaxing music 45 min before chemotherapy	Conventional treatment	Scale score
Xue et al[11], 2017	94	47/47	54.1 ± 10.7	Gastric cancer	Music therapy was performed 2 h before each chemotherapy, twice a day, 30 min/time, with muscle relaxation training according to the patient’s characteristics	Conventional treatment	Number of nausea and vomiting
Jiao et al[12], 2018	156	78/78	54.8 ± 17.20	Gastrointestinal neoplasm	Light music and instrumental music are the main ones, supplemented by patient’s self-selection	Conventional treatment	Number of nausea and vomiting
Wang and Liu[13], 2016	220	110/110	58.02 ± 6.18	Colorectal cancer	Choose natural light music during chemotherapy and combine it with aromatherapy	Conventional treatment	Number of nausea and vomiting
Chen[14], 2013	68	35/33	55.9	Esophageal cancer	Light and soft music played continuously for four weeks before chemotherapy	Conventional treatment	Number of nausea and vomiting
Huang[15], 2012	68	34/34	40-78	Colorectal cancer	Gentle music played before chemotherapy	Conventional treatment	Number of nausea and vomiting
Li[16], 2022	60	30/30	65.51 ± 1.99	Gastric cancer	Group music therapy mode with aerobic exercise	Conventional treatment	Scale score

E/C: Experiment/control.