. 2023 Mar 27;15(3):387–397. doi: 10.4240/wjgs.v15.i3.387

Table 1.

Univariate analysis of risk factors associated with surgical site infection

Factors		SSI (n = 150)	NSSI (n = 2868)	X²	P value
Gender	Male	85	815	54.356	< 0.001
Gender	Female	65	2053	54.356	< 0.001
Age	< 70 yr	83	2145	27.927	< 0.001
Age	≥ 70 yr	67	723	27.927	< 0.001
Marriage	Married	132	2678	10.006	0.007
	Single	7	108
	Others	11	82
Residence	Rural	83	1313	5.232	0.022
Residence	Urban	67	1555	5.232	0.022
Antibiotic use	Yes	14	66	27.316	< 0.001
Antibiotic use	No	136	2802	27.316	< 0.001
Hypertension	Yes	20	519	2.204	0.138
Hypertension	No	130	2349	2.204	0.138
Diabetes	Yes	46	356	41.137	< 0.001
Diabetes	No	104	2512	41.137	< 0.001
Preoperative duration	< 7 d	108	2248	3.391	0.066
Preoperative duration	≥ 7 d	42	620	3.391	0.066
NRS 2002	< 3	104	2652	44.853	< 0.001
NRS 2002	≥ 3	46	216	44.853	< 0.001
NNIS	< 2	80	2420	96.634	< 0.001
NNIS	≥ 2	70	448	96.634	< 0.001
RBC (10¹²/L)	< 4	86	1565	0.44	0.507
RBC (10¹²/L)	≥ 4	64	1303	0.44	0.507
WBC (10⁹/L)	< 10	86	1943	7.017	0.008
WBC (10⁹/L)	≥ 10	64	925	7.017	0.008
HB (g/L)	< 120	67	1473	2.555	0.11
HB (g/L)	≥ 120	83	1395	2.555	0.11
PCT (μg/L)	< 0.05	58	1824	37.748	< 0.001
PCT (μg/L)	≥ 0.05	92	1044	37.748	< 0.001
ALB (g/L)	< 35	105	1344	30.574	< 0.001
ALB (g/L)	≥ 35	45	1524	30.574	< 0.001
TG (mmol/L)	< 1.7	124	1503	0.433	0.511
TG (mmol/L)	≥ 1.7	26	365	0.433	0.511
LDL (mmol/L)	< 3.37	95	1456	9.011	0.003
LDL (mmol/L)	≥ 3.37	55	1412	9.011	0.003
HDL (mmol/L)	< 1.55	79	1722	3.222	0.073
HDL (mmol/L)	≥ 1.55	71	1146	3.222	0.073
TC (mmol/L)	< 6.45	117	2149	0.718	0.397
TC (mmol/L)	≥ 6.45	33	719	0.718	0.397
Blood loss (mL)	< 200	87	2401	65.118	< 0.001
Blood loss (mL)	≥ 200	63	467	65.118	< 0.001
Drainage	Yes	103	1129	50.661	< 0.001
Drainage	No	47	1739	50.661	< 0.001
Tension suture	Yes	7	72	Fisher	0.112
Tension suture	No	143	2796	Fisher	0.112
Flushing	Yes	86	1596	0.164	0.685
Flushing	No	64	1272	0.164	0.685
Item	Single	41	1443	30.12	< 0.001
Item	Multiple	109	1425	30.12	< 0.001
Anesthesia	General	133	1969	26.525	< 0.001
Anesthesia	N-general	17	899	26.525	< 0.001
Incision	I	8	95	228.143	< 0.001
	II	103	2702
	III	39	71
Season	Spring	36	825	301.157	< 0.001
	Summer	41	68
	Autumn	42	382
	Winter	31	1593
Surgical site	Uterus	22	1252	188.267	< 0.001
	Liver	12	821
	Gastrointestinal	76	501
	Appendix	27	152
	Kidney	5	107
	Groin	8	35

SSI: Surgical site infection; NNIS: National Nosocomial Infections Surveillance; NRS 2002: Nutritional Risk Screening 2002; RBC: Red blood cell; WBC: White blood cell; HB: Hemoglobin; PCT: Procalcitonin; ALB: Albumin; TG: Triglyceride; LDL: Lipoprotein cholesterol; HDL: High-density lipoprotein; TC: Total cholesterol.