Table 1.
Characteristics of participants with different NVAI levels
| Characteristics | Total (n = 2358) | Tertile 1(≤ 0.56) | Tertile 2(0.56–0.90) | Tertile 3(> 0.90) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Male [n (%)] | 1302(55.22) | 155(19.72) | 463(58.98) | 684(86.91) | < 0.001 |
| Age (years) | 42.00(39.00–44.00) | 41.00(39.00–44.00) | 42.00(39.00–44.00) | 43.00(40.00–45.00) | < 0.001 |
| BMI (kg/m2) | 23.84(21.85–26.00) | 21.72 ± 2.03 | 23.99 ± 2.32 | 26.29(24.56–28.25) | < 0.001 |
| WC (cm) | 84.40(78.00–91.40) | 76.38 ± 5.19 | 85.16 ± 6.15 | 93.30 ± 7.77 | < 0.001 |
| Smoking [n (%)] | 1013(42.96) | 134(17.05) | 347(44.20) | 532(67.60) | < 0.001 |
| Alcohol drinking [n (%)] | 684(29.01) | 85(10.81) | 230(29.30) | 369(46.89) | < 0.001 |
| Hypertension [n (%)] | 482(20.44) | 21(2.67) | 81(10.32) | 380(48.28) | < 0.001 |
| Diabetes mellitus [n (%)] | 98(4.16) | 12(1.53) | 30(3.82) | 56(7.12) | < 0.001 |
| SBP (mmHg) | 121.33(112.33–131.33) | 110.67(104.00–117.33) | 120.33(115.00–127.00) | 133.00(126.00–143.67) | < 0.001 |
| DBP (mmHg) | 75.83(69.00–84.00) | 68.00(63.33–73.08) | 75.00(70.33–80.00) | 85.33(80.33–91.33) | < 0.001 |
| Heart rate (bpm) | 73.00(66.00–80.00) | 72.50(66.00–80.00) | 72.00(66.00–78.00) | 75.00(68.00–82.00) | 0.001 |
| FPG (mmol/l) | 4.57(4.28–4.91) | 4.47(4.20–4.76) | 4.55(4.28–4.89) | 4.73(4.39–5.10) | < 0.001 |
| TC (mmol/l) | 4.51(4.04–5.03) | 4.43(3.94–4.89) | 4.53 ± 0.77 | 4.63(4.14–5.17) | < 0.001 |
| TG (mmol/l) | 1.33(0.96–1.95) | 1.05(0.80–1.37) | 1.34(0.99–1.95) | 1.71(1.25–2.45) | < 0.001 |
| LDL (mmol/l) | 2.50(2.14–2.91) | 2.41(2.03–2.75) | 2.51(2.12–2.91) | 2.60(2.27–3.07) | < 0.001 |
| HDL (mmol/l) | 1.15(0.99–1.33) | 1.29(1.12–1.49) | 1.13(0.99–1.30) | 1.05(0.92–1.18) | < 0.001 |
| TBA (umol/l) | 11.93(9.27–15.55) | 11.02(8.54–14.20) | 11.89(9.31–15.56) | 12.88(9.96–16.45) | < 0.001 |
| GPT (U/l) | 19.00(13.00–27.00) | 14.00(11.00–19.00) | 18.00(14.00–26.00) | 25.00(19.00–35.00) | < 0.001 |
| GOT (U/l) | 16.00(13.00–20.00) | 15.00(12.00–18.00) | 16.00(13.00–20.00) | 18.00(15.00–23.00) | < 0.001 |
| Serum UA (umol/l) | 278.80(225.00–335.18) | 229.20(197.98–273.03) | 285.79 ± 70.04 | 327.90(280.20–375.40) | < 0.001 |
| Urine UA (umol/l) | 1300.00(927.00–1983.50) | 1265.50(871.50–1867.00) | 1311.00(948.00–2026.50) | 1311.00(957.00–2057.00) | 0.004 |
| CVAI | 79.94(53.92–111.83) | 49.99 ± 20.47 | 82.11 ± 26.19 | 118.87(100.20–140.54) | < 0.001 |
| VAI | 1.80(1.17–2.81) | 1.37(0.95–2.04) | 1.82(1.21–2.85) | 2.30(1.54–3.51) | < 0.001 |
| LAP | 29.82(17.55–50.88) | 17.93(11.56–25.85) | 30.87(19.84–48.31) | 49.91(33.22–77.96) | < 0.001 |
| METS-VF | 6.46(6.02–6.81) | 5.92(5.64–6.17) | 6.49(6.24–6.70) | 6.89(6.68–7.09) | < 0.001 |
| ABSI | 0.08 ± 0.004 | 0.08 ± 0.003 | 0.08 ± 0.003 | 0.08 ± 0.003 | < 0.001 |
| eGFR (ml/min/1.73 m2) | 97.24(87.16–110.15) | 99.06(88.39–111.64) | 98.08(87.17–111.11) | 95.04(85.31–107.38) | < 0.001 |
| uACR (mg/mmol) | 0.98(0.64–1.72) | 0.89(0.58–1.40) | 0.98(0.64–1.70) | 1.13(0.70–2.25) | < 0.001 |
| SRD [n (%)] | 315(13.36) | 57(7.25) | 88(11.21) | 170(21.60) | < 0.001 |
Values are expressed as mean ± standard deviation or n (%)
ABSI A body shape index, BMI Body mass index, CVAI Chinese visceral adiposity index, DBP Diastolic blood pressure, eGFR estimated glomerular filtration rate, FPG Fasting plasma glucose, GOT Glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase, GPT Glutamic pyruvic transaminase, HDL High-density lipoprotein, LAP Lipid accumulation product, LDL Low-density lipoprotein, METS-VF Metabolic score for visceral fat, NVAI New visceral adiposity index, SBP Systolic blood pressure, SRD Subclinical renal damage, TBA Total bile acid, TC Total cholesterol, TG Triglycerides, UA Uric acid, uACR urinary albumin creatinine ratio, VAI Visceral adiposity index, WC Waist circumference