Table 2.

Factors associated with bacterial vaginosis based on the conditional logistic regression analyses

Variable	Simple conditional logistic regression				Multiple conditional logistic regression
	OR unadjusted	95% CI		P-value	OR adjusted	95% CI		P-value	FDR-adjusted P-value
		LL	UL			LL	UL
Age	1.10	0.90	1.35	0.328	---	---	---	---	---
Spousal age	1.03	0.96	1.10	0.366	---	---	---	---	---
Educational level
High school or below	1.38	0.78	2.42	0.260	---	---	---	---	---
University degree	Reference				Reference
Spousal educational level
High school or below	0.84	0.50	1.40	0.516	---	---	---	---	---
University degree	Reference				Reference
Income level
Not enough to support the family adequately	1.00	0.52	1.88	1.00	---	---	---	---	---
Enough to support the family adequately	Reference				Reference
Occupation
Housewife	1.31	0.72	2.38	0.367	---	---	---	---	---
Employed	Reference				Reference
Cigarette/Hookah Smoking
Yes	4.25	1.43	12.63	0.009	6.15	1.44	26.13	0.014	0.051
No	Reference				Reference
Vitamin D supplement use
Regular	1.30	0.63	2.68	0.464	---	---	---	---	---
Irregular	1.58	0.81	3.06	0.173	---	---	---	---	---
No consumption	Reference				Reference
Vaginal douching
Yes	1.60	0.95	2.70	0.073	1.97	0.99	3.94	0.052	0.119
No	Reference				Reference
Pregnancy history
Yes	0.64	0.30	1.38	0.261	---	---	---	---	---
No	Reference				Reference
Delivery history
Yes	0.68	0.31	1.48	0.339	---	---	---	---	---
No	Reference				Reference
Abortion history
Yes	1.13	0.64	1.96	0.675	---	---	---	---	---
No	Reference				Reference
Premature delivery
Yes	0.55	0.25	1.20	0.136	0.39	0.14	1.08	0.072	0.140
No	Reference				Reference
History of medication taking for vaginitis
Yes	2.0	0.24	1.03	0.061	0.48	0.20	1.14	0.100	0.160
No	Reference				Reference
History of cryotherapy for vaginitis
Yes	0.86	0.41	1.85	0.706	0.21	0.02	1.91	0.168	0.244
No	Reference				Reference
History for cauterization for vaginitis
Yes	3.57	0.72	16.8	0.118	---	---	---	---
No	Reference				Reference
Dairy consumption
Never or rarely	0.95	0.52	1.75	0.892	---	---	---	---	---
Less than 2 servings/day	0.84	0.41	1.72	0.646	---	---	---	---	---
Two or more servings/day	Reference				Reference
Menstruation status
Regular	0.18	0.02	1.62	0.128	0.34	0.01	8.46	0.513	0.586
Irregular	0.21	0.02	1.88	0.166	0.24	0.01	5.62	0.391	0.481
Menopause	Reference				Reference
Family planning methods
Coitus Interruptus	0.29	0.12	0.67	0.004	0.20	0.06	0.63	0.006	0.048
Condom	0.45	0.21	0.94	0.036	0.28	0.10	0.79	0.016	0.051
Hormonal	1.25	0.34	4.51	0.34	1.11	0.24	5.17	0.889	0.889
IUD	0.58	0.19	1.78	0.348	0.48	0.13	1.81	0.285	0.380
Tubal ligation	0.40	0.10	1.55	0.187	0.15	0.01	1.23	0.079	0.140
Vasectomy	0.94	0.14	6.12	0.951	0.54	0.03	7.72	0.653	0.696
No contraception	Reference				Reference
Age at first sexual intercourse	0.89	0.83	0.96	0.003	0.86	0.78	0.95	0.004	0.048
Duration of sunlight exposure	0.99	0.99	1.00	0.371	---	---	---	---	---
BMI	0.98	0.92	1.05	0.741	---	---	---	---	---
Frequency of sexual intercourse per week	0.66	0.11	3.98	0.657	---	---	---	---	---
Serum vitamin D level
Deficient	1.77	0.79	3.95	0.161	4.34	1.39	13.54	0.011	0.051
Insufficient	2.07	0.90	4.73	0.084	3.65	1.23	10.85	0.020	0.053
Sufficient	Reference				Reference

Notes: OR, Odds ratio; CI, Confidence interval; FDR, False discovery rate; IUD: intrauterine device, BMI: body mass index, UTI: urinary tract infection