Table 2.
Association between individual- and community- level baseline characteristics and HIV care engagement trajectory membership (reference: group 1 “in care”) a
| Group 2: Frequent care |
Group 3: Re-engage |
Group 4: Gradual drop out |
Group 5: Early drop out |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | OR (95%CI) | |
| Individual-level variables only enter the model a | ||||
| Age group at HIV diagnosis b | 1.26 (1.15, 1.37) | 0.77 (0.70,0.86) | 0.79 (0.71, 0.87) | 0.64 (0.57, 0.71) |
| Male vs. female | 0.90 (0.76, 1.05) | 1.08 (0.87, 1.32) | 0.92 (0.75, 1.12) | 1.13 (0.92, 1.40) |
| Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic white | 1.33 (1.14, 1.56) | 1.06 (0.86, 1.31) | 0.91 (0.75, 1.10) | 1.04 (0.85, 1.27) |
| Non-Hispanic black vs. white | 0.92 (0.80, 1.07) | 1.33 (0.11, 1.59) | 1.04 (0.88, 1.23) | 1.10 (0.92, 1.32) |
| Other vs. non-Hispanic white | 1.53 (1.05, 2.19) | 1.00 (0.56, 1.67) | 1.11 (0.71, 1.69) | 1.10 (0.66, 1.76) |
| PWID vs. heterosexual | 1.01 (0.81, 1.27) | 0.97 (0.72, 1.29) | 1.33 (1.02, 1.73) | 0.98 (0.73, 1.31) |
| MSM only vs. heterosexual | 0.89 (0.76, 1.05) | 1.06 (0.86, 1.30) | 1.17 (0.96, 1.43) | 0.96 (0.79, 1.18) |
| Other vs. heterosexual | 0.89 (0.76, 1.05) | 1.19 (0.78, 1.76) | 0.88 (0.56, 1.33) | 1.36 (0.92, 1.98) |
| Baseline CD4 groups c | 1.19 (1.34, 1.25) | 0.90 (0.85, 0.96) | 1.01 (0.96, 1.07) | 1.05 (0.99, 1.11) |
| HIV diagnosis year | 1.16 (1.13, 1.20) | 0.70 (0.67, 0.73) | 1.28 (1.23, 1.33) | 0.86 (0.82, 0.89) |
| Both individual- and community- level variables enter the model a | ||||
| Age group at HIV diagnosis b | 1.30 (1.19, 1.42) | 0.76 (0.69, 0.84) | 0.79 (0.71, 0.87) | 0.65 (0.58, 0.72) |
| Male vs. female | 0.89 (0.75, 1.05) | 1.08 (0.88, 1.33) | 0.92 (0.75, 1.13) | 1.15 (0.93, 1.42) |
| Hispanic vs. non-Hispanic white | 1.42 (1.20, 1.69) | 0.93 (0.74, 1.16) | 0.86 (0.71, 1.05) | 1.07 (0.86, 1.69) |
| Non-Hispanic black vs. white | 0.85 (0.73, 0.99) | 1.32 (1.10, 1.60) | 0.99 (0.83, 1.17) | 1.11 (0.92, 1.34) |
| Other vs. non-Hispanic white | 1.43 (0.98, 2.07) | 1.01 (0.57, 1.70) | 1.04 (0.66, 1.60) | 1.12 (0.67, 1.80) |
| PWID vs. heterosexual | 1.00 (0.80, 1.26) | 1.01 (0.75, 1.35) | 1.33 (1.02, 1.73) | 0.99 (0.73, 1.32) |
| MSM only vs. heterosexual | 0.92 (0.78, 1.09) | 1.06 (0.87, 1.31) | 1.17 (0.96, 1.44) | 0.97 (0.79, 1.20) |
| Other vs. heterosexual | 0.90 (0.64, 1.24) | 1.17 (0.76, 1.75) | 0.88 (0.56, 1.34) | 1.32 (0.88, 1.92) |
| Baseline CD4 groups c | 1.18 (1.13, 1.24) | 0.90 (0.85, 0.96) | 1.01 (0.96, 1.06) | 1.04 (0.98, 1.11) |
| HIV diagnosis year | 1.17 (1.13, 1.21) | 0.70 (0.67, 0.74) | 1.28 (1.23, 1.34) | 0.86 (0.82, 0.89) |
| Rural vs. Urban | 1.47 (1.02, 2.10) | 0.81 (0.51, 1.26) | 1.37 (0.92, 2.01) | 1.08 (0.68, 1.65) |
| Area deprivation index | 1.03 (1.00, 1.07) | 0.98 (0.94, 1.01) | 1.01 (0.97, 1.05) | 1.02 (0.98, 1.06) |
| Health outcomes rank (5 units change) | 0.94 (0.90, 0.97) | 0.98 (0.94, 1.03) | 0.97 (0.93, 1.01) | 0.95 (0.91, 0.99) |
| Clinical care rank (5 units change) | 0.85 (0.82, 0.87) | 1.03 (0.99, 1.06) | 0.96 (0.93, 0.98) | 0.94 (0.91, 0.97) |
| Percent poor/fair health (5 units change) | 1.60 (1.33, 1.93) | 0.95 (0.75, 1.18) | 1.35 (1.10, 1.65) | 1.21 (0.97, 1.50) |
| Physically unhealthy days | 2.26 (1.80, 2.83) | 0.93 (0.69, 1.25) | 1.05 (0.80, 1.37) | 1.35 (1.03, 1.77) |
| Mentally unhealthy days | 0.27 (0.23, 0.33) | 0.98 (0.78, 1.23) | 0.71 (0.58, 0.87) | 0.73 (0.59, 0.91) |
Bold: statistically significant (p < 0.05)
a:
Adjusted R-square for the model with only individual-level factors (age, sex, race/ethnicity, HIV transmission group, baseline CD4, and HIV diagnosis year): 0.11. Adjusted R-square for the model with both individual and community level factors: 0.15
b:
per increase in age group: 1 = age < 25, 2 = age 25–44, 3 = age > = 45
c:
per increase in CD4 group: 1 = CD4 > = 500, 2 = CD4 350–499, 3 = CD4 200–349, 4 = CD4 < 200