Table 3.
Variable Estimates for Individual Latent Growth Curve Models of 2-Year Outcomes.*
| Model | Appearance Congruence† | Depression‡ | Anxiety§ | Positive Affect¶ | Life Satisfaction‖ |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| value (95% confidence interval) | |||||
| Unconditional model: time | |||||
| Intercept mean | 2.99 (2.90 to 3.08) | 15.46 (14.27 to 16.70) | 59.58 (58.22 to 60.68) | 42.93 (41.82 to 44.03) | 40.12 (38.99 to 41.26) |
| Intercept variance | 0.35 (0.27 to 0.50) | 86.23 (68.13 to 106.85) | 17.84 (11.38 to 24.54) | 63.50 (46.23 to 81.79) | 75.21 (59.76 to 93.98) |
| Slope mean | 0.48 (0.42 to 0.54) | −1.27 (−1.98 to −0.57) | −1.46 (−2.13 to −0.79) | 0.80 (0.08 to 1.54) | 2.32 (1.64 to 3.00) |
| Slope variance | 0.11 (0.07 to 0.15) | 19.44 (12.23 to 27.14) | 17.84 (11.38 to 24.54) | 17.98 (9.25 to 27.57) | 20.33 (14.12 to 27.70) |
| Conditional model | |||||
| Time | |||||
| Intercept mean | 2.59 (1.91 to 3.27) | 20.01 (10.79 to 29.48) | 60.82 (53.56 to 67.95) | 47.27 (38.93 to 55.81) | 38.86 (29.90 to 47.75) |
| Intercept variance | 0.32 (0.25 to 0.42) | 80.92 (63.35 to 100.47) | 114.74 (91.96 to 138.23) | 56.96 (41.19 to 74.75) | 71.93 (57.15 to 90.22) |
| Slope mean | 0.51 (0.07 to 0.96) | −0.92 (−3.82 to −0.06) | −1.95 (−3.81 to −0.09) | 1.79 (0.14 to 3.43) | 4.54 (2.66 to 6.43) |
| Slope variance | 0.10 (0.06 to 0.14) | 18.81 (11.71 to 26.34) | 18.37 (11.78 to 25.63) | 17.97 (9.29 to 27.66) | 19.74 (13.61 to 27.06) |
| Time-invariant effects on intercept | |||||
| Baseline age | 0.02 (−002 to 0.06) | −0.23 (−0.08 to 0.36) | −0.20 (−0.78 to 0.38) | −0.32 (−0.84 to 0.21) | 0.06 (−0.49 to 0.62) |
| Designated sex at birth** | −0.12 (−0.31 to 0.06) | 1.74 (−0.69 to 4.09) | 0.05 (−2.37 to 2.49) | −1.26 (−3.53 to 0.91) | −2.36 (−4.89 to 0.18) |
| Racial and ethnic identity†† | 0.19 (0.03 to 0.36) | −2.60 (−4.82 to −0.32) | −2.22 (−4.48 to 0.06) | 2.30 (0.22 to 4.38) | 1.70 (−0.58 to 3.98) |
| Early gender-affirming care‡‡ | 0.70 (0.35 to 1.04) | −5.88 (−9.67 to −1.96) | −7.41 (−11.30 to −3.52) | 5.34 (1.70 to 8.98) | 7.55 (2.82 to 12.28) |
| Time-invariant effects on slope | |||||
| Baseline age | 0.00 (−0.03 to 0.03) | −0.04 (−0.18 to 0.10) | −0.02 (−0.15 to 0.12) | −0.03 (−0.15 to 0.10) | −0.09 (−0.22 to 0.05) |
| Designated sex at birth** | 0.03 (−0.09 to 0.15) | 1.91 (0.33 to 3.50) | 1.56 (0.01 to 3.10) | −0.43 (−2.10 to 1.31) | −1.86 (−3.49 to −0.24) |
| Racial and ethnic identity†† | −0.10 (−0.20 to 0.01) | 1.70 (0.23 to 3.15) | 0.62 (−0.77 to 1.98) | −1.42 (−2.98 to 0.13) | −1.08 (−2.52 to 0.36) |
| Early gender-affirming care‡‡ | −0.42 (−0.66 to −0.19) | −0.73 (−3.41 to 1.93) | 0.04 (−2.53 to 2.59) | −0.78 (−3.56 to 2.06) | −1.08 (−4.01 to 1.86) |
Shown are unstandardized variable estimates with 95% confidence intervals. Slope means indicate change over time, and slope variances indicate heterogeneity within the sample.
Scores on the Appearance Congruence subscale of the Transgender Congruence Scale range from 1 to 5, with higher scores indicating greater appearance congruence.
Scores on the Beck Depression Inventory–II range from 0 to 63, with scores of 20 to 28 indicating moderate depression and scores of 29 to 63 indicating severe depression.
T scores on the Revised Children’s Manifest Anxiety Scale (Second Edition) have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10, with scores of 60 or more indicating clinical levels of anxiety.
T scores for the Positive Affect measure from the NIH (National Institutes of Health) Toolbox Emotion Battery have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10, with higher scores indicating greater positive affect.
T scores for the Life Satisfaction measure from the NIH Toolbox Emotion Battery have a mean of 50 and a standard deviation of 10, with higher scores indicating greater life satisfaction.
Coding for designated sex at birth was as follows: 0 = assigned female at birth (reference) and 1 = assigned male at birth.
Coding for racial and ethnic identity was as follows: 0 = non-Latinx or non-Latine White (reference) and 1 = other racial and ethnic identities.
Coding for early gender-affirming care was as follows: 0 = initiated GAH in later puberty (Tanner stage 4 or 5) (reference) and 1 = initiated GAH in early puberty (Tanner stage 2 or 3).