Fig. 1. Global patterns of restoration commitments, projected effects of climate change, overexploitation of resources, and political instability.

The areas where many restoration activities are being implemented or planned (a) are also disproportionately affected by climate change (b), overexploitation of resources (c), and political instability (d). Data sources: a Restoration commitments from the Global Restoration Commitments Database by the PBL Netherlands Environmental Assessment Agency⁹⁰. b Climate change represented by the number of days above 35 °C in the period 2080–2099 from the Climate Impact Lab.^{85, 91}. c Human population growth from the United Nations World Population Prospects 2019⁴⁹ and national material footprint from the United Nations Environment Programme International Resource Panel Global Material Flows Database⁹² (a list of the 15 countries is provided in Supplementary Table 1); d Political instability from the Worldwide Governance Indicators project by the World Bank⁹³.