. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Apr 8.

Published in final edited form as: J Pediatr Nurs. 2017 Dec 7;39:74–79. doi: 10.1016/j.pedn.2017.11.014

Table 2.

The effect of physical abuse and iron deficiency on child behavior.

Behavior problem	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)	β (95% CI)
Model 1
Physical abuse
No	Reference	Reference
Yes	5.24 (2.20, 8.28) ^***	5.20 (1.57, 8.84) ^***
Iron deficiency
No	Reference	Reference
Yes	2.49 (0.44, 4.54) ^*	2.42 (−0.63, 5.47)
Physical abuse × Iron deficiency		0.17 (−2.99, 3.33)
Model 2
Risk indicator
Both physical abuse and iron deficiency			Reference
Physical abuse only			−2.49 (−4.54, −0.43) ^*
Iron deficiency only			−5.24 (−6.44, −4.04) ^***
Neither			−7.50 (−10.83, −4.16) ^***

Notes. Boldface indicates statistical significance (*p < 0.05, ***p < 0.001). Models were adjusted child sex, age, socioeconomic status, family location, hemoglobin level and BMI.